Ubucuruzi

AMATEGEKO AREBANA N’UBUCURUZI MURI ISLAMU.

Islamu ni idini yuzuye yashyizeho amategeko agenga uko umugaragu agomba kwifata ku muremyi we akora ibikorwabyo kumwiyegereza bikeza umutima we,yanashyizeho amategeko agenga imikoranire hagati y’abantunk’ubucuruzi,ubukode, gushyingiranwa,kuzungura n’ibindi bakenera kugirango babanemu mutekano,mu butabera no mu koroherana.

_{IBICE BIGIZE AMASEZERANO:}

Amasezerano agizwe n’ibice bitatu:

1. Amasezerano yo kugurana inyungu hagati y’abayagiranye nk’ubucuruzi,ubukode,amashyirahamwe n’ayandi.
2. Amasezerano y’ubugiraneza adashingiye ku nyungu agamije ibihembokuri Allah nk’impano,ituro,gutiza n’ayandi.
3. Amasezerano y’ubugiraneza agamije ibihembo kuri Allah ariko icyatanzwe kikazasubizwa nyiracyo nko kuguriza, bifite ibihembo kuko ari ugufasha umuntu ufite ikibazo bikaba binafite ingurane kuko icyo umugurije azacyishyura.

Ubucuruzi ni iki?

Ubucuruzi ni ukugurana umutungo undi hagamijwe kuwutwara burundu.

ImpamvuAllah yaziruye ubucuruzi:

Allah yaziruye ubucuruzi kuko hari igihe umuntu akenera ikintu gitunzwe na mugenzi we kandi akaba atakimuha nta ngurane amuhaye ,ni muri urwo rwego Allah yaziruriye abantu gucuruza kugirango bakemure ibibazo byabo,ibyo bikabarinda ubwambuzi ,ubujura no kurwanira ibintu.

Allah yaravuze ati:

“Allah yaziruye ubucuruzi aziririza kurya Riba…”. ^{Qor’ani 2:275}

_{IBISABWA KUGIRANGO AMASEZERANO Y’UBUCURUZI YEMERWE MURI ISLAMU.}

Kugirango amasezerano y’ubucuruzi yemerwe agomba kuba yujuje ibi bikurikira:

1.Kuba abagura bombi babyemera ku buryo ntawashyizweho agahato ko kugura cyangwa kugurisha.

2.Kuba bombi bemerewe gukora amasezerano agahabwa agaciro, bivuze ko bagomba kuba bigenga Atari abaja,kuba bagimbutse kandi bafite ubwenge butunganye.

1. Kuba ikigurishwa gifite akamaro kandi kiziruwe mu bihe byose, kuko ntabwo byemewe gucuruza ikintu kiziririjwe nk’inzoga,ingurube n’ibindi,kimwe n’uko bitemewe gucuruza ikintu gishoboragukoreshwa mu maburakindi nk’imbwa yo guhiga,icyipfishije n’ibindi, ibyo byose ni ikizira kubicuruza.
2. Ikigurishwa kigomba kuba ari umutungo bwite w’ugurisha cyangwa yabiherewe uburenganzirabwo guhagararira nyiracyo.
3. Ikigurishwa kigomba kuba kizwi neza ku bagura bombi bakaba barakibonye cyangwa babwiwe ibikiranga bihagije.
4. Kuba agaciro k’ikigurishwa kazwi.
5. Kuba ikigurishwa gishoboragushyikirizwa uwakiguze, kukobitemewe kugurisha ikintu udafiteho ubushobozi nk’inyoni iri mu kirere utarayihiga cyangwa isamaki iri mu mazi utarayiroba.

Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi akorwa mu buryo bubiri:

1. Imvugo: nko kuba ugurisha yabwira ugura ati: nkugurishije iki kintu ku gaciro aka n’aka maze ugura akavuga ati : ndakiguze cyangwa ati : ndabyemeye, n’izindi mvugo zimenyerewe muri aya masezerano.

2. Ibikorwa: nko kuba baherezanya ugura akabwira ugurisha ati: mpa kiriya gicuruzwa ku gaciro aka n’aka, agahita akimuha nta rindi jambo yongeyeho.

KWITWARARIKA MU MIKORANIRE N’ABANDI

Islamu itegeka abantu kwitwararika mu kugura no kugurisha kwabo,mu mafunguro n’imyambaro yabo,muri ibyo byose bagombagutinya Allah bubahiriza imigenzo y’Intumwa Muhammad (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha),bagomba kwakira imitungo iziruwe isobanutse bakirinda imitungo iziririjwe n’iteye urujijo mu rwego rwo kurinda ukwemera n’idini yabo kugirango batagwa mu birakaza Allah,nk’uko bishimangirwa n’imvugo yaturutse ku musangirangendo witwa Anuman mwene Bashiru (Allah amwishimire) aho yagize ati:Numvise Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) ivuga iti: “mu by’ukuri ibiziruwe biragaragara n’ibiziririjwe biragaragara,ariko hagati yabyo hari ibintu bitera urujijo kandi abantu benshi badasobanukiwe,umuntu uzirindaibyo bintu by’urujijo azaba arinze idini ye n’icyubahiro cye ,naho umuntu uzabikora azagwa mu biziririjwe kuko aba ameze nk’umushumba uragiye hafi y’umurima w’imyaka kuko ashobora kuba yakonesha, bityo rero buri mwami wese agira imbago ze kandi imbago za Allah ni ibyo yaziririje, mu by’ukuri mu mubiri hari inyama imwe iyo itunganye umubiri wose uratungana n’iyo yangiritse umubiri wose urangirika,iyo nyama ni umutima)).^{Yakiriwe na Bukhari na Muslim}

Iyi mvugo y’Intumwa Muhamadi irategeka abemeramana kwirinda imitungo n’imikoranire biteye urujijo ku buryo bidasobanutse neza niba biziruwe cyangwa biziririjwe.

IBYIZA BY’AMAFUNGURO AZIRUWE.

Allah yaravuze iti:

“Iswala y’ijuma nirangira mujye mukwirakwira mu isi maze mushakishe ibyiza bya Allah (amafunguro) kandi mwibuke Allah cyane kugirango muzabashe gukiranuka”. ^{Qor’ani 62:10}

Biturutse ku musangirangendowitwa Miq’dam (Allah amwishimire) yavuze ko Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yavuze iti: “Nta n’umwe warya amafunguro meza kurusha uriye amafunguro yavunikiye, kandi n’Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha)Dawudi (Allah amuhe amahoro) yajyaga atungwa n’amafunguro yavunikiye”.^{Yakiriwe na Bukhari}

Abasangirangendo b’Intumwa Muhamadi bakoraga ubucuruzi bakagura bakanagurisha, ariko ubwo bucuruzi bwabo nta na rimwe bwigeze bubibagiza cyangwa ngo bubateshe kubahiriza amategeko ya Allah nk’iswala, gutanga Zakat (amaturo),kwibuka no gusingiza Allah n’andi mategeko.

Imirimo yo gushaka ibitunga umuntu iratandukana kandi buri wese agira imubereye bitewe n’imibereho ye n’aho ayikorera,hari abahinzi,abacuruzi,ababaji,abacuzi n’indi mirimo itunga abantu, iyo yose iremewe muri Islamu mu gihe cyose itanyuranyije n’amategeko ya Allah.

-Umuntu agomba gukorana umuhate mu gushaka umutungo uziruwe avanye mu nzira nziza zemewe kugirango umukemurire ibibazo bye n’iby’umuryango we bimurinde gusabiriza, anawutangemo mu nzira za Allah nko gufasha abakene n’ibindi.

Abu Hurayirat (Allah amwishimire) yavuze ko Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yavuze iti: “Ndahiye ku izina rya Allah we ufite roho yanjye mu kuboko kwe,kuba umwe muri mwe yafata umugozi we akajya kwikorera inkwi ku mugongo we ni byiza kuri we kurusha kujya gusaba umuntuakamuha cyangwa akamwima”. ^{Yakiriwe na Bukhari na Muslim}

IBYIZA BYO KOROHERA NO KUBABARIRA ABANTU MU KUGURISHA NO KUGURA.

Islamu ishishikariza abantukoroherano kubabarira ababagana mu mirimo yose bakora, kugirango bazabone ibihembo kuri Allah ,ibyo bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) igira iti: “Allah ababarira umuntu ugira impuhwe igihe agurisha,igihe agura n’igihe yishyuza”.^{Yakiriwe na Bukhari.}

UBUBI BWO KURAHIRA CYANE MU BUCURUZI

Abacuruzi bamwe bahisemo inzira yo kurahira mu izina rya Allah kugirango bumvishe abaguzi kugura ibicuruzwa byabo.

Kurahira rero mu bucuruzi ni ikintu kibi kandi gifite ingaruka mbi zo kuvana imigisha mubyo bakora.

Ibyo bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) aho yagize iti: “Mwirinde kurahira cyane mu bucuruzi kuko bitera uburyarya kandi bikabambura umugisha mu byo mukora”.^{Yakiriwe na Muslim}

-Ukuri n’ubunyangamugayo ni impamvu yo kubona umugisha n’inyungu mu bucuruzi, naho ibinyoma n’ubuhemu ni impamvu yo kuvana umugisha mu bucuruzi.

IBITUMA UMUNTU ABONA AMAFUNGURO

Gushaka amafunguro bikeneye imigisha ya Allah kugirango umuntu abashe kunguka no gutera imbere mu byo akora nta gihombo ahuye na cyo,ibyo kugirango abigereho hari impamvu za ngombwa n’imyifatire asabwa kurangwa nayo kugirango abone amafunguro.

Muri yo twavuga:

1.Guhozaho kwicuza kuri Allah no kumusaba imbabazi z’ibyaha.

Ibi bishimangirwa na Allah muri Qor’aniatubwira amagambo Intumwa Nuhu (Allah amuhe amahoro) yabwiye abantu be abagira inama ati: “Narababwiye nti nimusabe imbabazi Nyagasani wanyukuko ni umunyambabazi uhebuje,nimubikora azabagushiriza imvura ihagije kandi azabatuburira imitungo n’urubyaro maze abahe ubusitani n’imigezi”. ^{Qor’an 71:10-12}

Na none Allah yatubwiye amagambo yavuze ku rurimi rw’Intumwa yayo Hudu (Allah amuhe amahoro) abwira abantu be agira ati: “Yemwe bantu banjye nimusabe imbabazi Nyagasani wanyu kandi mumwicuzeho azabagushiriza imvura ihagije kandi abongerere imbaraga kuzo musanganywe,kandi muramenye ntimuzace ukubiri n’amategeko ye mukora ubwangizi”.^{Qor’an 11:52}

2.Kuzinduka kare ujya gushaka amafunguro.

Birakwiye kuzinduka mu kujya gushaka amafunguro kuko imigisha ya Allah iboneka kare,ibi bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) aho isabira umugisha abantu bazinduka igira iti: “Nyagasani ha umugisha abantu banjye bazinduka”.

^{Yakiriwe na Abu Dawuda naTir’midhiy}

3.Gusaba Allah gutunganirwa mu byo dukora.

Ningombwa ko umuntu asaba Allah kumuha amafunguro, gutunganirwa no gutera imbere mu byo akora kuko ibintu byose bigendera kuri gahunda ya Allah,bityo ataguhaye ayo mahirwe ntacyo wageraho mu byo uteganya.

Gusaba Allah rero ni ngombwa mu gihe cyose kandi yasezeranye kwakira ubusabe bw’abamusaba nk’uko yabivuze agira ati: “Abagaragu banjye nibakumbaza uzababwire ko ndi hafi yabo nakira ubusabe bw’usaba igihe ansabye,ngaho nibemere amategeko yanjye kandi banyemere kugirango bayoboke inzira igororotse)).^{Qor’an 2:186}

4.Gutinya Allah ukora ibyo yagutegetse wirinda ibyo yaziririje.

Kugirango umuntu abashe kubona amafunguro agomba guhora yubaha Allah akora ibyo yamutegetse yirinda ibyaha yaziririje,kuko gutinya Allah ni impamvu shingiro y’amahirwe no kubona amafunguro, nk’uko Allah abishimangira agira ati:” Utinye Allah, amuha inzira zo kuva mu bibazo. Akanamuha amafunguro mu buryo atateganyaga”. ^{Qor’an 65: 2-3}

“Abantu batuye imijyi yose baramutse bemeye Allah bakanamutinya, twabafungurira imigisha yo mu kirereno mu butaka,ariko barahakanye turabahana kubera ibyaha bakora)).^{Qor’an 7:96}

Kimwe n’uko gukora ibyaha ari impamvu shingiro yo kubura amafunguro n’izindi ngaruka mbi zigera ku Bantu kubera ibyaha bikorwa mu isi,Allah yaravuze iti: ((Amakuba n’ingorane byaragaragaye imusozi no mu nyanja kubera ibyo abantu bakora, ibyo Allah abikora kugirango abasogongeze ku ngaruka za bimwe mubyo bakoze kugirango wenda bakwisubiraho bagahinduka)).^{Qor’an 30:41}

5.Kwiringira Allah no kumwizera

Kwiringira Allah bisobanuye kuba ari we utezeho byose akamwegurira imigambi yawe yose, arikoukanakora impamvu zayikugezaho utiyicariye gusa ngo Allah azagufasha.Allah yaravuze ati: (( Kandi uwiringira Allah, aramuhagije…)).Qor’an 65:3

Intumwa Muhamadi(Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze iti: (( Iyo muza kubamwiringira Allah ukuri ko kumwiringira, yari kubaha amafunguro nk’uko ayaha inyoni,kuko zigenda mu gitondo zishonje zikagaruka ni mugoroba zihaze)).^{yakiriwe na Tirmidhiy na Ibnu Majah}

Icyitonderwa:

Kwiringira Allah ntibisobanuye kwiyicarira ukaba umunebwe ntacyo ukora ngo Allah azaguha amafunguro,ahubwo ugomba gukora ugashakisha impamvu zose zayakugezaho maze ukiringira Allah unamusaba amahirwe yo kugera kubyo uteganya,mbese ugomba gukora kandi cyane ariko ntiwumve ko bihagije ahubwo ukiringira Allah mu bisigaye wowe udafitiye ubushobozi,ibyo bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha)igira iti:(ujye uharanira ikigufitiye akamaro cyose wiringire Allah kandi uramenye ntuzabe ikigwari).

Nanone Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha)yasobanuye kwiringira Allah by’ukuri igira iti : uwiringira Allah ni wawundi uhinga umurima akabiba imbuto yarangiza akiringira Allah)).

6.Kuzirikana gahunda za Allah mubyo ukora byose

Kugirango umuntu abone amafunguro ni uko agomba kuzirikana gahunda za Allah mu byo akora byose, akirinda kurangazwa na byo ngo bimuteshe gahunda za Allah nk’iswala,gukora daawat no kwitabira izindi gahunda zigamije iterambere rya Islamu n’abayIslamu.

Intumwa Muhamadi(Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze iti: ((Nyagasani wanyu nyir’ubutagatifu yaravuze ati:Yewe mwene Adamu!iyegurire gahunda zo kungaragira nzuzuza umutima wawe ubukire n’amaboko yawe nyuzuze amafunguro,yewe mwene Adamu!uramenye ntukajye kure ya njye, ntazuzuza umutima wawe ubukene n’amaboko yawe nkayuzuza ibikurangaza).^{Yakiriwe na Alhakim}

7.Gukurikiranya Hija na Umra

Gukurikiranya Hija na Umra uko ukoze hija ukanongeraho Umra wanakora Umra ugakurikizaho Hija,ibyo nabyo biri mu mpamvu zongera amafunguro nk’uko bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) aho igira iti :(Mujye mukurikiranya Hija na Umrat kuko byombi bihanagura ubukene n’ibyaha nk’uko umuriro w’umuvubyi ukuraho umugesi w’icyuma n’uwa zahabu na feza,…).Yakiriwe na Tir’midhiy na Nasaaiy

8.Gutanga mu nzira z’Allah

Mu mpamvu zongera amafunguro harimo gutanga mu byo Allah yaguhaye mu nzira zayo nko gutanga amaturo y’itegeko ,gufasha abakene,imfubyi n’abandi bababaye ukanitangira ibikorwa by’iterambere rya Islamu.Allah yaravuze iti:”icyo mutanze cyose Allah arakibashumbusha kandi Allah niwe utanga amafunguro )”.^{Qor’an 36:39}

Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) aragira ati: (Allah yaravuze iti: “Yewe mwene Adamu tanga mu mutungo wawe nanjye nzaguha”.^{Yakiriwe na Muslim}

9.Gufasha abantu biyeguriye gushaka ubumenyi bw’idini.

Ibyo bishimangirwa n’imvugo ya Anasi mwene Maliki (Allah amwishimire) agira ati: “Hariho abavandimwe babiri ku gihe cy’Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha),umwe muri bo yari yaritangiye gushaka ubumenyi ku Ntumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) undi agakora imirimo ibatunga,umunsi umwe uwakoraga imirimo ibatunga yaje kurega umuvandimwe we ku Ntumwa y’Imana ko adakora kubera ko yitangiye gushaka ubumenyi, Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) iramusubiza iti: “Wasanga ubona amafunguro kubera we”. ^{Yakiriwe na Tirmidhi}

10. Gufasha no kubanira neza umuryango wawe.

Gufasha no kubanira neza umuryango wawe ni bimwe mu mpamvu zongera amafunguro n’imigisha ya Allah, kimwe n’uko kwirengagiza no kubanira nabi umuryango wawe ari mu mpamvu zitera igihombo zikanavana imigisha mu byo dutunze,ibyo bishimangirwa n’Imvugo y’Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) aho igira iti:(Uzashimishwa no kuba Allah yamutuburira amafunguro ye akanamuha kubaho igihe kirekire,azajye abanira neza umuryango we). ^{Yakiriwe na Bukhari na Muslim}

10. Kugirira neza abanyantegenke no kubafasha

Kugirira abanyantegenke neza no kubitangira, nabyo biri mu mpamvu zituma umuntu agira amahirwe mubyo akora akanagira umugisha wa Allah bigatuma ibyo akora atera imbere n’amafunguro akiyongera,nk’uko bishimangirwa n’Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha)aho agira iti:”Ese hari abatuma mutabarwa mukanahabwa amafunguro na Allah uretse abanyantegenke banyu”.^{Yakiriwe na Bukhari}

Na none Intumwa iti:”Allah atabara uyu muryango kubera abanyantegenke bawo mu busabe bwabo, iswala zabo no kwegurira Allah ibikorwa byabo)).^{Yakiriwe na Nasai}

AMOKO Y’IBYAZIRIRIJWE

Ibyaziririjwe birimo ibice bibiri ari byo:

1.Ibyaziririjwe ubwabyo nk’icyipfishije,inyama z’ingurube n’ibindi.

2.Ibyaziririjwe kubera imyifatire umuntu yabigizemo,nko kuba ubucuruzi buziruwe ariko bwazamo kurya Riba cyangwa guhuguza bukaba bubaye ikizira kubera iyo myifatire ibukozwemo.

BUMWE MU BUCURUZI BUZIRIRIJWE MURI ISLAMU

Idini ya Islamu yaziruye buri kintu cyose gifitiye abantu akamaro kandi kibazanira imigisha ya Allah mu byo bakora ,ariko Hari amashusho y’ubucuruzi Islamu yaziririje kubera ko harimo urujijo nko kuba igicuruzwakitazwi,kuba hari ushobora kuryamirwa ku mpande zombi rwaba urw’umucuruzicyangwa urw’umuguzi, kubabyatera ingorane ku isoko cyangwa inzangano hagati y’abantu,n’ubundi bucuruzi Islamu yaziririje kubera ingaruka nyinshi bushobora guteza mu muryango mugari w’abantu nk’ishyari,inzangano n’ibindi.

Muri ubwo bucuruzi butemewe twavuga:

1.Kugura icyo bakozeho: nko Kuba umucuruzi yabwira umuguzi ati: igicuruzwa uri bukoreho uracyigura aya n’aya, ubu bucuruzi ntibwemewe kuko burimo urujijo rwo kuba igicuruzwa kitazwi kuko hari igihe ashobora gukora ku kirengeje cyangwa ikiri mu nsi y’ako gaciro yishyuye ugasanga hari uruhande ruhaguye.

2.Kugura icyo bamunagiye:nko kuba umuguzi yabwira umucuruzi ati:igicuruzwa cyose unagira ndaguha aya n’aya, ubu bucuruzi na bwo ntibwemewe kuko harimo urujijo no kuryamira uruhande rw’umwe muri bo.

3.Kugura icyo bateyeho ibuye:nko kuba umucuruzi yabwira umuguzi ati: tera ibuye igicuruzwa cyose rigwaho urakigura aya,ubu bucuruzi nabwo ni ikizira kuko burimo urujijo no kuba bwaryamira uruhande rumwe.

4.Kugushamo umuguzi no kumuhendesha:ibyo bisobanuye ko hari umuntu ugereka igicuruzwa menshi adashaka kukigura, ahubwo yasezeranye n’umucuruzi kugirango bagushemo umuguzi uza kukigura kuko ari bwumve ko bakigereka menshi bigatuma nawe akigura menshi ariko atari yo gikwiye, icyo gikorwa cyo gushyirishamo no kugushamo umuguzi ni ikizira ntabwo cyemewe muri Islamu.

5.Kujya gutega ibicuruzwa:ibyo bisobanuye ko hari abantu bajya gutega ibicuruzwa mu nzira mbere y’uko abahinzi babigeza mu isoko,maze ababiteze bakabigurisha bihenze,ubu bucuruzi nabwo ni ikizira ntabwo bwemewe muri Islamu kuko butuma abahinzi batageza mu isoko ibyo bavanye mu byaro kandi aribwo bigura make,ibyo rero ni ukubangamiraabantu no kubabuza kugura neza,keretse abo bahinzi aribo ubwabo baje kuranguza, icyo gihe ubiranguye yemerewe kubigura no kubyungukamo.

6. Kuba uturiye isoko yagurishiriza umunyacyaro: ibi bisobanuye ko umuntu wo mu cyaro azana ibicuruzwa ku isoko maze uhaturiye akamusaba kubimugurishiriza ku giciro gihenze kuruta icyo we yari kugurishaho,ibyo ntabwo byemewe ni ikizira kuko harimo kubangamira abaguzi bigatuma bahendwa.

Ariko umunyacyaro aje kwisabira uturiye isoko kugirango amugurishirize cyangwa amugurire ibicuruzwa bye, ibyo biremewe nta kibazo.

7.Kugurisha ikintu udafite : nko kugurisha inyoni ikiri mu kirere cyangwa ifi iri mu mazi utarayiroba,ubu bucuruzi nabwo ntibwemewe kuko ari ukugurisha ibyo udafite kuko bitera gushyamirana n’amakimbirane.

8.Kugereka igicuruzwa cyaguzwe na mugenzi wawe: nko kuba umuguzi yajya kuri mugenzi wawe w’umucuruzi bamaze kumvikana kugura igicuruzwaku giciro runaka,hakaza undi mucuruzi akamubwira ati: ndakiguhera makeya kuri aya,kimwe no kuba umuguzi yakumvikana n’umucuruzi kugura ku giciro runaka atarishyura hakaza undi muguzi akavuga ati : njye ndakigura arenze ayo uyu aguha,ibyo byose ni ubucuruzi butemewe muri Islamu kuko butera inzangano n’inzika mu mitima y’abantu.

8.Gucuruza nyuma ya Adhana ya Kabiri ya Ijuma:

Ubwo bucuruzi ni ikizira ndetse n’andi masezerano yose yakorwa n’AbayIslamu nyuma ya adhana ya kabiri yo ku ijuma,kuko icyo ni igihe cyo kujya kwibuka Allah no kumusingiza,ubwo rero umuyIslamu asabwa guhagarika imirimo ye yose akaza kuyisubukura nyuma y’iswala ya ijuma.

9.Kugurisha ibintu Allah yaziririje, nk’inzoga,ingurube,ibishushanyo by’ibintu bihumeka,ibikoresho by’imiziki n’indirimbo n’ibindi biziririjwe,ibyo byose kirazira kubicuruza no kubigura ndetse n’umutungo ubiturutsemo uraziririjwe.

10.Kugurisha ibiri munda z’amatungo ahaka,kugurisha intanga zikiri mu mfizi(gukodesha imfizi ku baje kubangurira amatungo),ibyo ntibyemewe kuko ari ukugurisha ibitazwi, kuko ubiguze atanga ikiguzi cy’ibyo atazi akagura itungo rikiri mu nda kandi bitazwi niba rizavuka ari rizima,niba rizavuka ari ikimasa cyangwa inyana,n’ibindi bibazo byo kwibaza bishingiye ku kutamenya icyo yaguze.

Naho ku birebana no gutanga ikiguzi cy’imfizi yo kubangurira itungo,nabyo ntibyemewe kuko utazi niba iri bwimye? Ese niyimya irafata? Ibyo byose ntabizi kuko bitagaragara,keretse ari amaburakindi mu gihe umuyIslamu yabura uko abangurira itungo atabanje gutanga ikiguzi,icyo gihe yemerewe kugitanga akabangurira itungo rye,ariko we mu gihe yaba afite imfizi ntiyemerewe kwaka ikiguzi cyo kubangurira na gato kuko icyo gihe nta maburakindi ahari, kuko itungo ni irye,mbese we ashobora kwishyura bibaye ngombwa ariko we ntiyakwishyuza abandi na gato.

11. Kugurisha imbwa,ikiguzi gihongwa indaya,igihembo gihabwa umupfumu:ubwo bucuruzi bwose ni ikizira muri Islamu ndetse n’imitungo ibuturutsemo yaravumwe.

12.Kugurisha imyaka itarera ngo igaragaze ko yakuze:kuko hari igihe itakwera ikarumba uwayiguze akaba ahombye, keretse ayigurishije ngo ibe ubwatsi bw’amatungo bagahita bayitema bakayiyahirira icyo gihe biremewe kuyigurisha no kuyigura kuko uyiguze nta gihombo yagira kuko igejeje igihe cyo kuba ubwatsi bw’amatungo,ibyo ni ikizira muri Islamu.

13.Kugurisha cyangwa kugura ikintu cyose kitazwi: nko kuba yamubwira ati:ikintu mfumbatije mu ntoki urakigura kuri aka gaciro,ibyontibyemewe kuko atazi icyo agiye kugura ngo amenye n’agaciro kacyo.

14.Ntibyemewe kugurisha amazi ari mu migezi n’ay’imvura ntibinemewe kugurisha urwuri rudafite nyirarwo no kugurisha umuriro w’umucanwa: kuko ibi byose ni uburenganzira busangiwe n’abantu bose,keretse umuntu agize imirimo ye abikoraho nko kuba yareka amazi y’imvura mu bikoresho byecyangwa akavoma amazi mu mugezi akayashyira mu bikoresho bye,icyo gihe yemerewe kuyagurisha kubera iyo mirimo yayakozeho no kuba yayegereje abayakeneye,naho umuriro wo gutekesha nawo ntibyemewe kuwugurisha cyangwakuwima ushaka kurahura,kimwe n’urwuri rusange rudafite nyirarwo ntibyemewe kurugurisha cyangwa kubuza abandi kururagira,ariko umuntu yahiyemo ubwatsi akabwegereza abantu icyo gihe aba yemerewe kubugurisha kubera uwo murimo yakoze wo kwahira no kubushyira hamwe.

15.Ntibyemewe gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa ukoresheje inzira y’impano uha abaje kukugurira:kuko ibyo ni ukujijisha abantu no kubigarurira kugirango bamugurire,rimwe na rimwe ashobora no kuba adafite ibicuruzwa byiza cyangwa agatuma abantu bagura ibyo batateganyije kugirango babone izo mpano abaha,ikindi kandi gukora gutyo ni ukubangamira abandi bacuruzi no kubabuza kugurisha,ibyo byose rero ntibyemewe ndetse n’izo mpano kuzifata ni ikizira.

16.Ntibyemwe gucuruza ibinyamakuru,kasete n’ibindibikoresho birimo ibitekerezo birwanya idini,ibirimo imiziki n’ibirimo abantu bambaye ubusa,byaba amajwi gusacyangwa ibisomwa n’ibirebwa: ibyo byose kirazira kubicuruza ndetse n’umutungo ubiturutsemo ni umutungo utaziruwe muri Islamu.

17.Kirazira kugurisha umutobe ku muntu ugiye kuwengamo inzoga, kimwe n’uko kizira kugurisha intwaro mu gihe cy’inzangano zikabije nko mu gihe cy’ubwicanyi na Genocide: muriibi bihe rero Islamu iziririza kugurisha intwaro kuko uyiguze aba ashobora kuyikoresha mu bikorwa bibi.

18.Ntabwo byemewe kugurisha ikintu kizima ukigurana icyapfuye:nko kugurisha itungo rizima ukarigurana iryapfuye.

19.Kirazira kugurisha urugingo rw’umubiri w’umuntu yaba ari muzima cyangwa yapfuye:ariko uwarukenera kandi nta bundi buryo yarubonamo uretse kurugura yemerewe kurugura ku bw’amaburakindi,ariko bikomeza kuba ikizira k’uwarugurishije kwakira uwo mutungo,impamvu rero bitemewe kugurisha urugingo rw’umubiri ni uko umubiri ari indagizo n’impano twahawe na Allah tutemerewe gukoresha uko dushaka, kuko tuzanabazwa buri rugingo uko twarukoresheje,ni nayo mpamvu ntawemerewe kwiyahura no kwiyaka ubuzima bwe kuko atari umutungo we,ubwo rero ikitari umutungo bwite ntikigurishwa.

20.Ntibyemewe kugurisha amaraso:ahubwo biremewe kuyatanga mu rwego rwo gutabara ubuzima bw’uyakeneye: ariko uwayakenera kubera impamvu z’ubuzima ntayabone keretse ayaguze yemerewe kuyagura ariko bigakomeza kuba ikizira k’uyagurishije ko yakira uwo mutungo.

AMWE MU MATEGEKO AGENGA UBUCURUZI

1.Ugurishije inzu ye aba anagurishije mu nsino hejuru hayo.

2.Ugurishije ubutaka aba agurishije ibiburimo keretse ugurishije avuze ko ari ibye bakabyemeranyaho.

3.Biremewe kugurisha ikintu ukagira ibindi usaba nko kugurisha inzu ugasaba ko uyiguze akureka ukayibamo ukwezi kumwe cyangwa nko kugura ibintu runaka ugasaba ko ubikugurishije abikugereza ahantu runaka,n’ibindi nk’ibyo abantu bashobora kumvikana ariko bitabangamiye uruhande rw’uguze cyangwa binyuranyije n’intego yo kugura nko kugurisha inzu ngo uyiguze ntazayituremo,ibyo ntibyemewe kuko ari ukumubuza uburenganzira bwe.

4.Ubutaka bwa Makkah,Mina,Muzdalifah,Arafat,Madinah n’indi misigiti yose ndetse n’izindi mpano ziba zaratanzwe kubera inyungu rusange z’abayIslamu,ibyo byose ntibyemewe kubigurisha cyangwa kubikodesha keretse ari impano yatanzwe igamijwe kwinjiza umutumgo icyo gihe biremewe kuyikodesha.

KUGURISHA IKINTU CYISHYURWA MU BIHE BINYURANYE

1.Biremewe kugurisha igicuruzwa mu gihe kirekire ku giciro kinyuranye no kukigura mu gihe kigufi, nko kuba yagurisha imodoka miliyoni eshatu k’uwishyuye ako kanya cyangwa akayigurisha miliyoni eshatu n’igice k’uzishyura mu gihe kirekire,ariko iyo nyongera y’agaciro k’igihe kirekire igomba kuba ntoya ku buryo bitaba guhenda umuguzi no kumufatirana.

2.Kugurisha igicuruzwa kishyurwa mu byiciro binyuranye , biba byiza muri Islamu ndetse akazabihemberwa ku Mana iyo bigamije korohoreza abaguzi ariko mu gihenta nyongera bamwatse kubera icyo gihe bamuhaye,naho iyo bigamije kongera agaciro k’igicuruzwa, icyo gihe biba byemewe gusa ariko nta bihembo ku Mana kuko agamijemo inyungu.

3.Kirazira ko ugurisha yaka inyungu umuguzi kubera ubukererwe bwo kwishyura ideni ry’igicuruzwa mu gihe kirekire,kuko iyo nyungu ni Riba yaziririjwe.

4.Biremewe ko ugurishije igicuruzwa mu gihe kirekire akigira ingwate kugeza igihe uwakiguze arangirije kwishyura.

URUSIMBI MURI ISLAMU

1.Islamu iziririza bidasubirwaho urusimbi n’ibindi bisa narwo ndetse ikanabishyira mu byaha bihambaye kubera ingaruka n’inkurikizi zarwo ku muryango mugari. Muri zo twavuga:inzangano n’inzika hagati y’abarukina, igihombo gikomeye n’ubukene mu miryango,gukiza bamwe byihuseku mitungo batavunikiye,kurya imitungo y’abandi mu mahugu n’izindi ngaruka mbi z’urusimbi.

Allah yaravuze iti: “Yemwe abemeye! mu by’ukuri inzoga,urusimbi,kuraguza no guterekera, ibyo byose ni umwanda kandi ni mu bikorwa bya shitani,ngaho nimubyirinde kugirango muzakiranuke. Mu by’ukuri shitani ashaka kubateza inzangano n’inzika abinyujije mu nzoga n’urusimbi kandi akababuza gukora iswala no kwibuka Allah,ese murabireka”.^{Qor’an 5: 90-91}

_{ICYITONDERWA:}

Ubu bucuruzi twavuze hejuru bubujijwe muri Islamu,bwaziririjwe kubera impamvu shingiro ebyiri arizo:

1.Kubera urujijo rutuma hari barya imitungo y’abandi mu mahugu.

2.Kubera inzangano n’inzika bitera hagati y’ababukorana ugasanga bibyaye kugambanirana.

AMAHITAMO Y’UWAGURISHIJE N’UWAGUZE MU GUSESA AMASEZERANO.

Amahitamo y’uwagurishije n’uwaguze bisobanuye ko igihe abaguze bombi bataratandukana ngo bave mu cyicaro baguriyemo, icyo gihe uwagurishije cyangwa uwaguze aba yemerewe gusesa amasezerano y’ubugure, uwaguze agasubiza icyo yaguze n’uwagurishije akagaruza icyo yagurishije agasubiza agaciro bamuhaye, ibyo bigakorwa hatabayeho ubushake bw’urundi ruhande mu gihe icyo gihe kitararangira,naho iyo icyo gihe kirangiye bakava mu cyicaro baguriyemo, gusesa amasezerano biba bisaba ubwumvikane ku mpamde zombi.

Impamvu aya mahitamo yashizweho mu idini ya Islamu:

Amahitamo yo gusesa amasezerano y’ubugure ni mu bigaragaza ubwiza bw’idini ya Islamu n’uburyo ari idini y’impuhwe no koroherana,kuko hari igihe uwagurishije cyangwa uwaguze ashobora kubihubukira akagurisha cyangwa akagura atabitekerejeho bihagije ndetse atanibajije ku gaciro k’ibyo aguze cyangwa agurishije, maze agatangira kwicuza,ni muri urwo rwego Islamu yateganyije aya mahitamoyo gusesa amasezerano kugirango abe yaba igisubizo igihe bibaye ngombwa.

Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha)yaravuze ati:” Abaguze babiri buri wese aba afite amahitamo yo gusesa amasezerano mu gihe bataratandukana mu cyicaro baguriyemo,iyo abagura bavugisha ukuri bakanagaragaza inenge z’ibicuruzwa, babona imigisha ya Allah mu bucuruzi bwabo,ariko iyo bahishe inenge bakabeshya, bamburwa imigisha mu bucuruzi bwabo)).^{Yakiriwe na Bukhari na Muslimu}

IBICE BY’AMAHITAMO YO GUSESA AMASEZERANO.

Amahitamo mu gusesa amasezerano arimo ibice byinshi ,muri byo twavuga:

1.Amahitamo yo mu cyicaro: aya mahitamo aremewe haba mu gusesa amasezerano y’ubugure,ay’ubukoden’ayandi masezerano y’ingurane,aya mahitamo y’icyicaro ni uburenganzira bwa buri wese mu baguze ko ashobora gusesa amasezerano kuva akimara gukorwa kugeza igihe cyose batarava mu cyicaro baguriyemo,muri icyo gihe iyo umwe muri bo asheshe amasezerano undi asabwa kubyemera bidashingiye ku bushake bwe, ariko iyo bamaze gutandukana mu cyicaro baguriyemo, icyo gihe amasezerano bagiranye aba abaye ngombwa ku mpande zose nta wemerewe kuyasesa keretse bose babyemeye.

2.Amahitamo asabwe n’umwe mu baguze: nko kuba umwe muri bo yasaba ko ahabwa amahitamo yo kuba yasesa amasezeranomu gihe runaka n’ubwo cyaba kirekire ibyo nabyo biremewe,ubwo iyo abisabye aba afite kuba yasesa amasezerano muri icyo gihe yatse,ariko iyo kirangiye atayasheshe ubwo amasezerano aba abaye ngombwa ku mpande zose zigomba kuyubahiriza uko ari.

3.Amahitamo kubera inenge:iyo umuntu aguze igicuruzwa akagisangana inenge igaragara ku buryo igabanya agaciro kacyo,aba afite amahitamo yo kuba yakigarura agasubizwa agaciro yakiguze cyangwa akakigumana ariko agahabwa ingurane y’inenge yagisanganye,iyo ngurane imenyekana agaciro kayo hakoreshejwe guha agaciro igicuruzwa cyose maze bakareba ingano y’iyo nenge akaba ariyo ahabwa,iyo habayeho impaka umucuruziavuga ko inenge itari iriho ahubwo yashyizweho n’umuguzi nawe akabihakana,icyo gihe imvugo yemerwa ni iy’umucuruzi akongeraho indahiro yemeza ko ibyo avuga ari ukuri.

4.Amahitamo yo guhendwa: iyo bigaragaye ko umucuruzi yahenze umuguzi bikabije birenzecyane igiciro abandi bagurishaho icyo gicuruzwa,uwo mucuruzi aba akoze icyaha kubera guhenda bikabije no gufatirana umuguzi, icyo gihe uwo muguzi aba afite amahitamo yo gusesa amasezerano agasubiza igicuruzwa yaguze cyangwa akakigumana ariko bakamusubiza ayarenze ku gaciro k’icyo gicuruzwa gasanzwe kazwi.

5.Amahitamo yo guhangikwa:bisobanuye ko umucuruzi yabeshya umuguzi amwereka ko igicuruzwa ari cyiza akakimwereka mu ishusho ituma agikunda, nko kuba yamugurisha inka y’icebe rinini kubera ko yaretse kuyikama mu minsi runaka agirango amwereke ko ifite amata menshi nyuma akaza kuyabura,icyo gihe uwo mucuruzi aba akoze icyaha kuko yahangitse,naho uwo muguzi aba afite amahitamo yo kugumana icyo gicuruzwa yaguze bakamuha ayarenzeho hakurikijwe agaciro gikwiye, cyangwa agasesa amasezerano akakigarura maze agasubizwa ayo yatanze,ariko iyo ari itungo akarigarura yari yarikamye kandi ashaka gusesa amasezerano no gusubizwa ayo yatanze,agomba kurigarura n’ikiguzi cyayo mata yakamye.

6.Amahitamo mu gihe cyose umwe mu baguze yasanga yabwiwe igiciro kitaricyo cyangwa agasanga igicuruzwa yaguze ataricyo yabwiwe: iyo umwe mu baguzi asanze yagurishije cyangwa yaguze ku giciro kitaricyo kirenze cyangwa kiri munsi bikabije ku igiciro gisanzwe cyangwa agasanga icyo yaguze ataricyo yabwiwe, icyo gihe aba afite amahitamo yo kugumana icyo yaguze agasaba ayarenze cyangwa abura ku giciro kizwi cy’icyo gicuruzwa,kimwe n’uko ashatse yasesa amasezerano burundu agasubizwa icyo yaguze cyangwa yagurishije.

UBUHAMBARE BW’ICYAHA CYO GUHANGIKA NO KUBESHYA MU BUCURUZI

Guhangika no kubeshya abantu mu bucuruzi no mu bindi bintu byose abantu bakorana, ni kimwe mu byaha bihambaye muri Islamu,kuko ari ukubeshya no guhemukira abantu ubagurisha ibicuruzwa bifite inenge kandi ubizi,ibyo bigatera inzangano n’amacakubiri hagati y’abantu.

Islamu itegeka abacuruzi kuvugisha ukuri mu bucuruzi bakora no kugaragaza inenge z’ibicuruzwa byabo ku buryo ubigura aba abizi ko bifite inenge.

Umunsi umwe Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yigeze kunyura ku mucuruzi w’imyaka maze Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yinjiza akaboko mu gitebo cy’imyaka isanga imyaka yo hasi itose,maze Intumwa ibaza uwo mucuruzi iti : ibi ni ibiki? Arasubiza ati: yewe Ntumwa ya Allah! ni imvura yayinyagiye,Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) iramubwira iti: ese kuki iyanyagiwe utayishyize hejuru kugirago abantu bayibone? Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) ihita ivuga iti: uzaduhangika ntabwo ari muri twe”.^{Yakiriwe na Muslimu}

KWEMERERAUWO MWAGUZE GUSESA AMASEZERANO NYUMA YO KUVA MU CYICARO.

Gusesa amasezerano bigamijwe hano ni ukuba abaguze bombi bamaze gutandukana bakava mu cyicaro baguriyemo, maze umwe akicuza kubera icyo yaguze cyangwa yagurishije agasaba uwo baguze kumwemerera kwisubira akaba yamusubiza icyo yari yaguze cyangwa uwa kiguze agasubirana agaciro yari yakiguze.

UMWANYA BIFITE MU IDINI YA ISLAMU

Kwemerera uwo mwaguze kuba yakwisubiraho akagusubiza igicuruzwa mwaguze cyangwa se akagusubiza ikiguzi, ibyo ni umugenzo mwiza w’idini ya Islam ishishikariza abaguze bombi mu rwego rwo korohereza uruhande rwagira kwicuza kubera amasezerano y’ubugure yabayeho nko kuba uwaguze yabonako icyo yaguze kitagikenewe cyangwa se akabonako hari indi mpamvu itumye yisubiraho, icyo gihe rero uwo baguze cyangwa uwamugurishije ni byiza ko yamwemerera akisubiraho.

Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze iti : « Uzemerera Umuyislam gusesa amasezerano y’ubugure, nawe Allah izamubabarira ibyaha bye ku munsi w’imperuka » ^{Yakiriwe na Abudawuda na Ibn Majah.}

Icyitonderwa : Ibi bivuzwe kubirebana no gusesa amasezerano y’ubugure, biba umugenzo mwiza ariko ntabwo ari itegeko ntakuka ko mugenzi we baguze abyemera, gusa iyo abimwemereye aba akoze igikorwa cyiza azahemberwa imbere ya Allah, ariko abyanze ntabwo aba akoze icyaha, ariko ibi birebana n’igihe abaguze bombi bamaze gutandukana mu cyicaro bakoreyemo amasezerano, naho iyo bombi bakiri mu cyicaro bakoreyemo amasezerano ntawe urahasohoka ngo agende, icyo gihe buri ruhande rwemerewe gusesa amasezerano bitagombeye kwemererwa n’urundi.

KUGURA IKINTU KIDAHARI

Bisobanuye kugura igicuruzwa kidahari ukishyura agaciro kacyo mbere yo kugihabwa,ibi nibyo bizwi ku izina ryo Kwihutisha ikiguzi ugatinza igicuruzwa.

Ibi bisobanuye gukora amasezerano yo kugura igicuruzwa kidahari ukishyura agaciro kacyo utarakibona,ariko mu kumvikana ibikiranga byose ku buryo ari nkaho ukibona kandi mugahana igihe uzabonera icyo gicuruzwa waguze.

Ayo masezerano aremewe mu idini ya Islam, Allah yayaziruye mu rwego rwo korohereza abantu no kubakemurira ibibazo byabo.

Urugero :kwishyura imodoka idahari, ariko bakakubwira ibiyiranga byose nk’ubwoko bwayo, umwaka yakozwemo, numero ya moteri n’ibindi, maze mukumvikana igihe izakugereraho.

IBISABWA KUGIRANGO AYA MASEZERANO ABE YUZUYE.

1. Kuba icyo baguze kizwi (ibikiranga bisobanutse neza).
2. Kuba agaciro kazwi.
3. Kwishyura agaciro kacyo mu icyo cyicaro cy’amasezerano.
4. Kuba igicuruzwa kiguzwe kizabazwa ukigurishije kugeza kigeze mu maboko y’uwakiguze.
5. Kuba ibikiranga byasobanutse kuburyo cyamenyekanye neza
6. kugaragaza igihe kizamugereraho n’aho azagisanga.

ANDI MATEGEKO AREBANA NO KUGURA NO KUGURISHA

1. Kugena ibiciro by’isoko:

Kirazira ko ubuyobozi bugena ibiciro by’isoko iyo kubigena bibangamiye abaguzi cyangwa abacuruzi, kukoibiciro bigenda bihindagurika bitewe n’isoko uko rihagaze, ariko bishobora kuba ngombwa ko ubuyobozi bugena ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa runaka nk’igihe bamwe mu bacuruzi bahenda cyane cyangwa bakanga kugurisha ibintu abantu bakeneye kubera gushaka ko bizabanza guhenda, icyo gihe Islamu itegeka ubuyobozi kugena ibiciro, bugategeka abacuruzi kubigurisha hitawe ku nyungu z’impande zombi urw’abaguzi n’urw’abacuruzi ntawe ubangamiwe.

2. Kwimana ibicuruzwa kandi abantu babikeneye: ibi bivuga ko abacuruzi bimana ibicuruzwa kubera gushaka ko bizazamuka agaciro kabyo maze bakabigurisha bungutse menshi.

Ibi ni ikizira muri Islamu, kuko biteza ingorane n’inzara mu baturage.

Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze ati:

“Ntawimana ibicuruzwa uretse umunyabyaha”. ^{Yakiriwe na Muslim.}

IMPANO ZITANGWA MU MASOKO KU BAGUZI

Impano z’inyongera zitangwa mu masoko n’amaduka zigahabwa abaguzi baguze urugero runaka rw’ibicuruzwa, izo mpano ntabwo zemewe muri Islam ndetse nazo zibarwa ko ari urusimbi kuko zituma abantu bagura ibyo batateganyije no kutagurira abandi bacuruzi kugirango babone izo mpano, ibyo byose rero ni ikizira kuko biteranya abacuruzi bikanabateza amashyari hagati yabo, icyo Islam yemera rero ni ukurushanwa mu bucuruzi utanga serivise nziza kandi zihuse, utanga ibicuruzwa bizima ukanarangwa n’ubunyangamugayo n’urukundo ku baguzi bakugana.

UBURENGANZIRA BW’ABAFATANYIJE MU KUGURA UMUGABANE WABO BAFATANYIJE.

Ibi bisobanuye kuba ufatanyije n’undi muntu mu gikorwa runaka kirimo imigabane, maze akagurisha umugabane we n’undi utari usanzwe muri iryo shyirahamwe ryanyu, icyo gihe uwo bari bafatanyije aba afite ububasha bwo kwaka uwaguze uwo mugabane akamusubiza agaciro yawuguze, kuko ariwe ufite uburenganzira bwo kuwugura mbere y’abandi baturutse hanze y’ishyirahamwe.

IMPAMVU UBU BURENGANZIRA BWATANZWE

Uburenganzira bw’abafatanyije bwo kugura umugabane w’abo bafatanyije mbere y’abandi kuba bwarashyizweho muri Islamu, bigaragaza ibyiza by’idini ya Islamu, kuko bigamije kuvaniraho ingorane uwo bari bafatanyije, kubera ko hari igihe uwo mugabane ushobora kugurwa n’undi muntu, akabangamira uwo basigaranye kuko badahuje imico n’imyifatire, bigateza amacakubiri hagati yabo, bityo umutungo bafatanyije ugahomba, niyo mpamvu rero Islamu yabujije ko abafatanyije umutungo hari umwe ushobora kugurisha umugabane we ku bantu bo hanze batari basanzwe mu ishyirahamwe atabanje kubimenyesha abo bafatanyije ngo niba hari uwushaka awugure cyangwa se bemerere mugenzi wabo kuwugurisha undi wo hanze.

•  Uburenganzira bwo guhabwa umugabane ku bafatanyije bushimangirwa ku bintu byose biba byagurishijwe mu gihe cyose biba bitaragabanywa, nko kuba yamenya ko mugenzi we yagurishije inzu bafatanyije cyangwa ubutaka ariko akabimenya bitaragabanywa ngo buri wese agire imbago ze zisobanutse.

•  Kirazira gukoresha amayeri kugirango uwaguze aburizemo uburenganzira bwo gusubiza umugabane yaguze, nko kuba yahita agaragaza ko wamaze kugabanywa.

Ubu burenganzira bushimangirwa n’imvugo ya Djabiru mweneAbdillahi (Bombi Allah abishimire) aho yavuze ati: “Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha)yaciye urubanza ko uburenganzira bwo guhabwa umugabane wari wagurishijwe ku bantu bo hanze y’ishyirahamwe bushimangirwa mu bintu byose bitaragabanywa, naho iyo byamaze kugabanywa imbago zigaragara ndetse n’inzira zigashyirwaho, icyo gihe ubwo burenganzira nta gaciro buba bufite”. ^{Yakiriwe na Bukhari na Muslim.}

•  Uburenganzira bwo kugira umugabane ukakwa undi wo hanze y’ishyirahamwe ni ukuri kw’abafatanyije bakimara kumenya ko wagurishijwe, naho iyo abimenye agatinda kubikurikirana ngo yake uwo mugabane, uburenganzira bwe buba buburiyemo, keretse agaragaje impamvu zo gutinda kwe nko kuba atari ahari, uburwayi n’izindi mpamvu zemewe, icyo gihe bwo asaba uburenganzira igihe cyose abishoboreye.

•  Iyo umwe mu bari bafatanyije imigabane apfuye, uburenganzira bwe bwo guhabwa umugabane wari waguzwe n’umuntu wo hanze y’ishyirahamwe busigaranwa n’abantu be bamuzungura, kandi iyo asabye guhabwa umugabane wari wagurishijwe agomba gusubiza uwari wawuguze agaciro yari yatanze, iyo ananiwe kumusubiza, icyo gihe ubwo burenganzira buba buburiyemo.

•  Ntabwo byemewe ko umwe mu bafatanyije imigabane agurisha umugabane we ku bandi abantu bo hanze y’ishyirahamwe, keretse abanje kubisabira uburenganzira abo bafatanyije, iyo awugurishije batabimwemereye, baba bafite uburenganzira bwo kuwaka uwawuguze bakamusubiza agaciro kawo yatanze, ariko iyo abibamenyesheje ko ashaka kuwugurisha ntibawugure bakamwemerera kuwugurisha abandi, icyo gihe nta burenganzira bwo kuwaka uwawuguze baba bagifite.

•  Umuturanyi afite uburenganzira bwo kugura umutungo w’uwo baturanye mbere y’uko ugurwa n’abandi mu gihe uwo mutungo bawuhuriyeho mu mbago zawo, ndetse aramutse agurishije atamuhaye uburenganzira,uwo muturanyi we aba afite ububasha bwo kuwuhabwa maze agasubiza uwari wawuguze agaciro yatanze, ibi bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) aho agira ati: “Umuturanyi ni we ufite uburenganzira bwo kugura ikigurishijwe n’uwo baturanye mbere y’abandi, iyo adahari agomba kumutegereza kugeza agarutse, ibyo bikorwa iyo uwo mutungo bawuhuriraho ku mbago zimwe”. ^{Yakiriwe na Abudawudi na Ibnu Majah.}

UBUVUGIZI NO GUTAKAMBIRA ABANDI

Ubuvugizi no gutakambira abandibisobanuye gusabira undi muntu inkunga n’ubufasha.

Ubuvugizi no gutakambira abandi bigizwe n’ibice bibiri:

1. Ubuvugizi bwiza bwemewe: Ibi ni ukuvugira umuntu mu byo Allah yaziruye nko kuba wamusabira ngo ahabwe ukuri kwe yatswe, kurenganura urengana no kumuvugira, ubu buvugizi rero ni igikorwa cyiza gikundwa na Allah ndetse ugikoze azabigororerwa ibyiza ku munsi w’imperuka.

1. Ubuvugizi bubi: Ni ubuvugizi no gutakambira umuntu mu byo Allah yaziririje, nko kuba wamusabira gukurirwaho igihano cy’icyaha yakoze, cyangwa ukamufasha mu kurenganya abantu no kubambura ibyabo, ubu buvugizi rero ni ikizira kubikora kuko ari ugutera inkunga mu bibi, bityo ubikoze azabihanirwa ku munsi w’imperuka keretse yicujije akisubiraho.

Allah yaravuze ati: ” Uzatakambira abandi akanabavugira ubuvugizi bwiza(mu byiza) azagira uruhare muri ubwo buvugizi , naho uzatakambira abandi akabavugira ubuvugizi bubi (mu bibi) azabazwa uruhare muri ubwo buvugizi yakoze, kandi Allah niwe ubeshejeho ibiremwa byose”. ^{Qor’ani 4: 85.}

AMASEZERANO YO GUHAGARIRA UNDI MUNTU

Ibi bisobanuye kuba umuntu yashinga mugenzi we ubifitiye ububasha umurimo wo kumuhagararira mu bintu bishoboka guhagararirwamo.

Impamvu guhagararirwa byashizweho mu idini ya Islamu:

Guhagararirwa ni kimwe mubigaragaza ubwiza bw’idini ya Islamu kuko umuntu ubwe rimwe na rimwe adashobora kwikemurira ibibazo byose bimureba, bityo akaba yakenera uwamuhagarira akamubera aho atari. Ni muri urwo rwego Islamu yaziruye guhagararirwa mu rwego rwo korohereza abantu.

Ayo masezerano aremewe muri Islam ku mpande zombi urw’uhagarariwe n’umuhagarariye iyo bujuje ibisabwa, kandi bemerewe kuyasesa igihe cyose babishatse. Ayo masezerano abaho hakoreshejwe imvugo cyangwa igikorwa kiyagaragaza nk’inyandiko.

IBYEMEWE GUHAGARARIRWAMO

Ibikorwa birimo ibice bitatu

1.Ibikorwa byemewe guhagararirwamo bisesuye nko gukora amasezerano no kuyasesa.

2.Ibikorwa bitemewe guhagararirwamo kuko bigomba gukorwa na nyir’ubwite ubwe nk’iswala n’ibindi.

Kimwe no guhagararira umuntu mu gikorwa kibi n’ubugizi bwa nabi, nko kuba yagutuma ngo ujye kumwicira umuntu runaka umurenganyije, kumuhagararira mu kugurisha ibisindisha n’ibiyobyabwenge n’ibindi bikorwa nk’ibyo, uko guhagararirwa rero ntabwo byemewe ndetse kirazira kuko ari uguterana inkunga n’ubufatanye mu bikorwa bibi.

3.Ibikorwa byemerwa guhagararirwamo mu gihe nyir’ubwite yananiwe kubyikorera kubera impamvu nk’uburwayi n’izabukuru, ibyo bikorwa ni nk’imigenzo ya Hidja na Umrat.

IMITERERE Y’AMASEZERANO YO GUHAGARARIRA

•  Guhagararira bishobora kuba mu gihe kigenwe, nko kuba yamubwira ati: Ugiye kumpagararira mu gihe cy’ukwezi.
•  Biranemewe ko uko kumuhagararira kwashingira ku kintu kigomba kubanza kuba, nko kuba yamubwira ati: “Ubukode bw’inzu yanjye niburangira uzayigurishe”.
•  Ugiye guhagarira undi mu bintu runaka yemerewe kwemera izo nshingano byaba ako kanya cyangwa akazemera haciyeho igihe.
•  Uhagarariye mugenzi we mu gikorwa runaka,ntiyemerewe gusaba undi kukimuhagarariramo keretse abiherewe uburenganzira na nyir’ubwite yari ahagarariye, ariko mu gihe yaba ananiwe kumuhagararira kubera impamvu, yemerewe gusaba undi wamuhagararira mu bintu bitari umutungo,kuko byo bisaba uburenganzira bwa nyir’ubwite.
•  Guhagararira biremewe byabaho kugihembo cyangwa nta gihembo kibayeho, kandi uhagarariye mugenzi we aba ari umwizerwa we niyo mpamvu icyo yakwangiza nta ruhare abigizemo ntabwo acyishyura, keretse icyakwangirika ku burangare bwe icyo nicyo yishyura, iyo ahakana ko nta ruhare abifitemo nta n’ibimenyetso bibimuhamya bihari, iyo mvugo ye iremerwa akanashyiraho indahiro yemezako nta ruhare afite mu byangiritse.
•  Iyo umuntu yibonamo ubushobozi n’ubunyangamugayo, akaba adatinya ko ashobora kuzahemuka kandi uko guhagararira bikaba bitazamubuza kuzuza izindi nshingano za ngombwa asanganywe, icyo gihe biba byiza kuri we gusaba guhagararira mugenzi we, kuko icyo ari igikorwa cyiza azagororerwa n’ubwo byaba ku gihembo , icyangombwa ni uko agira umugambi mwiza wo kwegurira icyo gikorwa Allah no kunoza uwo murimo ashinzwe.

KURANGIRA KW’AMASEZERANO YO GUHAGARARIRA.

Guhagararira birangira kubera imwe mu mpamvu zikurikira:

-Kuba uruhande rumwe rwasesa aya masezerano;

-Kuba uhagarariwe yakuraho umuhagarariye

-Iyo umwe muri bo yitabye Imana cyangwa akagira ubumuga bwo mu bwenge (ubusazi).

-Kuba umwe muribo yabuzwa uburenganzira ku mutungo we kubera kubura ubushobozi bwo kuwucunga neza.

AMASEZERANO Y’UBUFATANYE

Ubufatanye bisobanura kwishyira hamwe kubera ibikorwa by’inyungu bihuriweho n’abantu babiri cyangwa barenze.

Impamvu aya masezerano yaziruwe muri islamu

Ubufatanye ni kimwe mu bigaragaza ubwiza bwa Islam,Allah yaziruye aya masezerano kuko ari impamvu yo kubona imigisha ye no gutubukirwa mu nyungu z’abishyizehamwe, kandi ibyo bakora bishigiye ku kuri n’ubunyangamugayo.

kwishyira hamwe rero birakenewe mu muryango mugari w’abantu kugirango babashe gukora imishinga migari itashoborwa n’umuntu umwe ku giti cye nk’inganda zikomeye, imishinga yo kubaka amazu y’amacumbi n’ay’ubucuruzi n’iyindi mishinga yagutse isaba ubushobozi bugaragara.

Kwishyira ni amasezerano yemewe hagati y’umuyislamu n’undi cyangwa hagati y’umuyislamu n’utari we, ariko iyo umuyislam afatanyije ibikorwa n’utari we agomba kumenya neza ko nta kintu yazana mu mirimo bafatanyije kitemewe muri islam , nka riba,ubuhemu,cyangwa gucuruza ibintu bizira nk’inzoga, ingurube, gucuruza ibishushanyo n’ibibumbano by’ibintu bifite roho n’ibindi biziririjwe muri islamu.

Allah yaravuze ati : « mu by’ukuri abenshi mu bishyize hamwe bamwe bahemukira bagenzi babo, uretse babandi bemeye bagakora ibikorwa byiza, kandi abameze batyo nibo bake ». ^{Qor’an 38 : 24.}

AMOKO Y’AMASHYIRAHAMWE

Kwishyira hamwe bifite amoko abiri :

1.Kwishyirahamwe mu gutunga ikintu runaka, nko gufatanya mu gutunga inzu, uruganda, imodoka n’ibindi, iyo hari bafatanyije mu bintu nk’ibi, ntawe uba yemerewe kugira icyo akora ku mutungo bahuriyeho atabiherewe uburenganzira na mugenzi we bafatanyije, iyo agize icyo akoraho batabyumvikanyeho, gikorwa ku mugabane we muri iryo shyirahamwe keretse iyo mugenzi we abimwemereye bikaba ibyabo bombi.

2.Kwishyira hamwe mu mirimo runaka nk’ubucuruzi, gukodesha ibintu nk’amazu n’ibindi, ibi nabyo bifite ibice byinshi ari byo :

·Gufatanya kw’abantu babiri cyangwa barenze mu mirimo bahuriyehobakoresha imbaraga zabo n’imitungo yabo n’ubwo yaba itangana, baba bombi cyangwa se umwe akaba ariwe ukoramo, maze akazabona inyungu iruta iya mugenzi we watanze umutungo gusa we ntakore.

Ayo masezerano kugirango yemerwe muri Islam, igishoro cyabo kigomba kuba kizwi, kandi inyungu n’igihombo bigomba kubarwa hashingiwe ku gishoro cya buri wese yashyize muri iryo shyirahamwe nk’uko babyumvikanyeho.

·Gufatanya kw’abantu babiri, umwe agashora umutungo undi agashora amaboko agakoresha uwo mutungo awubyaza inyungu.

Iyo abantu bafatanyije muri ubu buryo, bagabana inyungu hakurikijwe ijanisha bumvikanyeho bombi, nko kuba bakumvikana ko uwashoye azafata kimwe cya kabiri, icya gatatu, icya kane n’ibindi bashobora kumvikanaho, ubwo ibisigaye biba ibya mugenzi we bafatanyije,ariko ntibyemeweko bagena inyungu bashingiye kumubare runaka nko kubayamubwira ngo uzajya umpa inyungu y’aya n’aya urugero: nk’ibihumbi ijana, ibyo ntabwo byemewe.

Iyo umutungo w’igishoro uhombye urishyurwa ugakurwa ku nyungu yabonetse, ariko uwakoreshaga uwo mutungo ntacyo abazwa iyo uhombye nta ruhare yabigizemo, keretse iyo bigaragara ko abifitemo uruhare icyo gihe agomba kwishyura ibyahombye, kuko ari umwizerwa muri iyo mirimo bityo ntabwo agomba kuryozwa ibyangiritse atagizemo uruhare.

·Ubufatanye nta gishoro: Ni ukuba abantu babiri bakwishyirahamwe bagakoresha icyubahiro n’icyizere abacuruzi babafitiye, bigatuma babaha ibicuruzwa nta gishoro batanze, bakabicuruza maze inyungu bavanyemo bakayigabana kandi buri wese aba ari umuhagararizi n’umwishingizi wa mugenzi we bafatanyije uwo murimo bityo n’igihombo cyaboneka barakigabana.

·Ubufatanye mu mirimo y’amaboko: Ni ukuba abantu bakwishyirahamwe mu gukora imirimo y’amaboko nko gutashya inkwi, kuvoma amazi n’indi mirimo y’ubukorikori bunyuranye, maze icyo binjije bakakigabana hakurikijwe uko babyumvikanyeho.

·Ubufatanye busesuye: Ni ukuba buri wese mubafatanyije yaha uburenganzira mugenzi we bwo gukoresha umutungo cyangwa amaboko akora imirimo itandukanye nko kugura no kugurisha, maze ibyo bungutse bakabigabana hakurikijwe ibyo bumvikanyeho, haramutse habayeho igihombo nacyo barakigabana hakurikijwe ingano y’umugabane wa buri wese mubyo bafatanyije.

INYUNGU N’AKAMARO KO KWISHYIRA HAMWE

·Amoko yose y’amashyirahamwe nk’uko yavuzwe hejuru agamije gutubura umutungo no kugirira akamaro abantu benshi mu muryango mugari w’abantu kuko iyo mirimo yagutse irushaho kubyarira inyungu ba nyirayo ikanatanga akazi gatandukanye ku bakozi bazayikoramo.

·Ayo mashyirahamwe yose yemewe muri Islam, arinda abantu kujya muri Riba kuko igamije kurya imitungo y’abantu mu mahugu n’ubwambuzi,naho aya mashyirahamwe yagura urubuga rwo guhanga imirimo mu nzira zemewe kuko idini ya Islam yamereye umuntu gukora no gushaka imibereho yaba akora wenyine cyangwa yifatanyije n’abandi, gusa ibyo bakora bigomba kuba ari ibizuruwe n’inzira babikoramo zemewe n’amategeko y’idini ya Islam.

GUKORESHA IZINA RY’IRINDI SHYIRAHAMWE RY’UBUCURUZI

Iyo hagize ishyirahamwe ryo hanze ryumvikanye n’irindi ryo mu gihugu kugirango rikoreshe izina n’icyizere byaryo,kuburyo ibyo shyirahamwe rikoze byitirirwa iryo rindi rizwi cyane rinizewe mu baguzi,icyo gikorwa ntabwo cyemewe n’ayo masezerano ntabwo atunganye, kuko harimo kubeshya no guhangika abantu bibwira ko ibyo baguze byakozwe n’uruganda ruzwi bizeye kandi atari rwo. Kandi nta mpamvu yo kujya muri ayamasezerano atemewe, kuko ayemewe yasobanuwe hejuru arahagije kuba umuntu yayakoresha akirinda ibyo Allah yamubujije.

AMASEZERANO YO KWATIRA IMIRIMA.

Kwatira umurima: Ni ukuba umuntu afite umurima akawuha undi kugirango awuhinge, maze umusaruro uzavamo bakazawugabana mu buryo bw’imigabane, nko kuba yatwara kimwe cya kabiri ½ cyangwa kimwe cya gatatu 1/3 n’ibindi bakumvikanaho, maze ibisigaye bikaba ibya nyir’umurima.

AMASEZERANO YO KUHIRA IMYAKA

Kuvomera imyaka: Ni ukuba umuntu ufite imyaka mu murima,akayiha undi kugirango ajye ayivomera anayiteho, maze akazamuhemba urugero runaka rw’imyaka yeze muri uwo murima mu buryo bw’imigabane nka kimwe cya kabiri (1/2) cyangwa icya gatatu (1/3) n’ibindi bakumvikanaho, ibisigaye bigatwarwa na nyir’umurima.

IBYIZA BY’UBU BUFATANYE

Biturutse ku musangirangendo witwa Anasi (Allah amwishimire) yaravuze ati: “Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze iti: “Nta muyisilamu uzatera igiti cyangwa akabiba imyaka, maze ikaribwaho n’inyonyi cyangwa umuntu cyangwa amatungo, uretse ko bizaba ari ituro atanze”. ^{Yakiriwe na Bukhari na Muslim.}

IMPAMVU KWATIRA NO KUVOMERERA BYAZIRUWE MURI ISLAM

Idini ya Islam yaziruye ubu bufatanye, mu rwego rwo korohereza abantu, kuko hari igihe umuntu ashobora kuba afite ubutaka cyangwa yarahinze imyaka, ariko adashobora kubuhinga cyangwa kwita kuri iyo myaka yahinze, bitewe n’umwanya muto afite cyangwa kubera ko atabisobanukiwe, hakaba n’undi ufite ubushobozi bwo guhinga no kwita ku myaka ariko adafite umurima, kubera inyungu z’impande zombi rero, Islam yemereye abantu aya masezerano mu rwego rwo gutubura umusaruro no gukoresha imbaraga zipfa ubusa.

UMWANYA AYA MASEZERANO AFITE MURI ISLAM

Amasezerano yo gufatanya mu kuvomerera imyaka cyangwa kwatira undi umurima ngo awuhinge, ni amasezerano ya ngombwa, iyo abantu bayagiranye ntabwo umwe yemerewe kuyasesa keretse mugenzi we abyemeye. Ayo masezerano agomba kuba afite igihe runaka kigenwe kandi icyo gihe kikaba cyumvikanyweho n’impande zombi.

Biremewe ko umuntu aha umurima undi ngo awuhinge imyaka runaka kandi akazanavomera iyo myaka, ariko buri gikorwa kikagira igihembo cyihariye mu buryo bazagabana, bisobanuye ko bumvikana umugabane azamuha kubera ko yawuhinze n’undi azamuha kuberako yabyuhiye.

Biturutse kuri mwene UMAR (Allah abishimire bombi) yavuze ko Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yahaye umurima we abantu bari batuye Khayibari ngo bawuhinge maze bajye batwara kimwe cya kabiri (1/2) cy’imyaka bazasarura). ^{Yakiriwe na Bukhary na Muslim.}

•  Ntibyemewe kugena uruhande runaka mu murima ngo imyaka izeramo ariyo izaba gihembo cy’uwatishije cyangwa uwuhiye.Nko kuba nyir’umurima yawuha mugenzi we ngo awuhinga ariko igihembo cye kikaba kuzasarura ibizera mugice runaka cy’umurima nko kumubwira ngo uzatwara impera y’umurima cyangwa umutwe wawo cyangwa igihande runaka.

Aya masezerano ni ikizira kuyakora, ntabwo yemewe kuko ashingiye ku rujijo rwo kuba batazi niba urwo ruhande ruzera cyangwa ruzarumba, niyo mpamvu Islam yayaziririje kuko ashobora guteza amakimbirane no kurenganya uruhande rumwe.

•  Na none ntibyemewe kugena umubare w’ibiro bizahabwa nyir’umurima cyangwa uwawukoreye,kuko ingano y’ibizera muri uwo murima iba itazwi,ahubwo bagomba kugabana mu migabane nka kimwe cya kabiri cyangwa icya gatatu cy’ibizera mu murima wose.
•  Biremewe gukodesha ubutaka ku mafaranga cyangwa bakazagabana umusaruro w’ibizeramo nka ½cyangwa 1/3.
•  Biremewe gukorana no gufatanya n’umuntu utari umuyislamu mu bucuruzi, ubuhinzi, inganda, ubwubatsi n’ibindi byose bitanyuranya n’amategeko y’idini ya Islam.

KORORA IMBWA

Kirazira ku muyislamu korora imbwa, keretse ari ku nyungu n’impamvu yemewe nk’imbwa yo guhiga, kuragira amatungo,n’izindi nyungu zemewe. Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze ati : « uzorora imbwa itari imbwa yo guhiga cyangwa yo kuragira amatungo cyangwa itari yo kurinda imyaka, buri munsi ibihembo bye ku Mana bigabanukaho ibingana n’igipimo runaka cya(QIRATWU ebyiri) ». ^{Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim.}

•  Umuntu ucanye umuriro iwe kubera impamvu yemewe maze umuyaga ukawutwara mu rugo cyangwa mu mutungo wa mugenzi we ukawutwika birenze ubushobozi bwe bwo kuwuzimya, icyo gihe ntabwo ategekwa kwishyura umutungo wangiritse.

AMASEZERANO Y’UBUKODE

Ubukode ni amasezerano yo gukoresha ikintu cy’undi kubera inyungu ziziruwe kigufitiye zizwi, ukagikoresha mu gihe mwumvikanyeho ku ngurane izwi ugomba kumuha.

UMWANYA AMASEZERANO Y’UBUKODE AFITE MURI ISLAM

Amasezerano y’ubukode aremewe mu idini ya Islam,kandi iyo abayeho impande zombi ziyumvikanyeho, nta bwo umwe aba yemerewe kuyasesa keretse mugenzi we abyemeye.

Aya masezerano abaho hakoreshejwe imvugo yose yumvikanamo gukodesha, nko kuba yamubwira ati :  ngukodesheje inzu yanjye, n’izindi mvugo zimenyerewe zikoreshwa muri aya masezerano.

IMPAMVU ALLAH YAZIRUYE UBUKODE

Allah yaziruye aya masezerano kubera ko abonekamo guhererekanya inyungu hagati y’abantu, nko kuba umuntu yakenera umuntu umukorera umurimo runaka w’ubukorikori n’umwuga, cyangwa kuba yakenera inzu yo guturamo kandi we atari yubaka,agakodesha iy’uwubatse,cyangwa kuba yakenera imodoka cyangwa agakenera ibikoresho runaka nk’iby’ubuhinzi, kubera inyungu rero ya nyir’ibikoresho n’ubikodesha ubikeneye, Allah yaziruye amasezerano y’ubukode mu rwego rwo korohereza abantu, kugirango ukeneye ikintu runaka adafite ubushobozi bwo kukigira burundu atange igiciro gito cyo kugikodesha akagikoresha icyo yifuzaga kugeraho .

AMOKO Y’UBUKODE

Ubukode burimo amoko abiri :

1. Kuba umuntu yakodesha ikintu runaka kubera inyungu agitezeho, nko gukodesha inzu kugirango ayibemo, cyangwa imodoka kugirango ayigendemo ku bukode ubu n’ubu bakabwumvikanaho.
2. Kuba umuntu yaha mugenzi we akazi ko kumukorera umurimo uyu n’uyu, nko kuba yamuha akazi ko kumwubakira inzu cyangwa kumuhingira umurima we ku gihembo runaka bumvikanyeho.

IBISABWA KUGIRANGO AMASEZERANO Y’UBUKODE YEMERWE

Kugira ngo amasezerano y’ubukode yemerwe agomba kuba yujuje ibi bikurikira :

-Ukodesha n’ukodeshwa bombi bagomba kuba bakuze bagejeje ku gihe cyo gutegekwa amategeko y’idini.

-Kuba inyungu y’ikigamijwe izwi nko gutura mu nzu cyangwa gukodesha imodoka, cyangwa kumukorera umurimo runaka,

-Kuba igihembo cyangwa ubukode buzwi.

-Kuba igihe ubukode buzamara kizwi.

-Kuba icyo bashaka gukoresha ibyo bakodesheje ari inyungu y’ibintu biziruwe, kuko ntabwo byemewe gukodesha ikintu cyawe ku muntu uzagikoresha mu byaziririjwe na Allah nko kumukodesha inzu yo gucururizamo inzoga, cyangwa yo gukoreramo uburaya cyangwa kuyigira urusengero rw’ababangikanyamana n’ibindi bitemewe muri Islam.

-Kuba icyo bakodesheje kizwi kumpande zombi bakaba bakibonye cyangwa babwiwe uko giteye n’ibikiranga byose, kandi kikaba ari umutungo bwite w’ukodesheje cyangwa kitari icye ariko yabiherewe uburenganzira na nyir’ubwite.

ESE IGIHEMBO CY’UBUKODE CYISHYURWA RYARI ?

Igihembo cy’umurimo runaka umuntu yagukoreye cyangwa ubukode bw’ikintu runaka, buba itegeko kuva igihe amasezerano akorewe hagati y’impande zombi.

Kubirebana n’igihembo cy’umuntu wagukoreye umurimo runaka, agomba kugihabwa akirangiza umurimo mwasezeranye nk’uko mwawumvikanyeho, naho ubukode bw’ikintu runaka bugomba gutangwa igihe cyumvikanyweho kikirangira.

Ariko bombi umukozi n’umukoresha cyangwa ukodeshwa n’ukodesha bumvikanye ko igihembo cyangwa ubukode butangwa mbere cyangwa nyuma cyangwa se ko butangwa mu byiciro, ibyo nabyo biremewe ; umukozi wagukoreye umurimo runaka igihe awurangije neza agomba guhita ahabwa igihembo cye.

Biturutse kuri Abihurayira (Allah amwishimire) yavuze ko Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yavuze iti : ” Allah yaravuze iti”: « Hari abantu batatu jyewe (Allah) nzaburanya ku munsi w’imperuka : umuntu utanze ikintu kubera njye (Allah) maze akica isezerano, umuntu ugurisha umuntu wigenga utari umucakara, n’umuntu ukoresha umukozi akamutunganyiriza umurimo we ariko ntamuhe igihembo cye “. ^{Yakiriwe na Bukhari}

KUGURISHA IKINTU KIRI MU BUKODE

Biremewe ko umuntu agurisha ikintu cye kiri mu bukode nk’inzu, imodoka n’ibindi, ariko ukiguze akazagihabwa nyuma yo kurangira kw’igihe cy’uwagikodesheje.

KWISHYURA ICYANGIRITSE MU BUKODE

Iyo igikoresho cyangiritse kiri ku wagikodesheje, ntabwo ategekwa kucyishyura cyangwa kugikoresha mu gihe cyangiritse nta ruhare abigizemo cyangwa uburangare, ariko cyangiritse abifitemo uruhare agomba kucyishyura cyangwa kugikoresha.

•  Imamu uyobora iswala, cyangwa uhamagarira abantu (Adhana) kugana iswala cyangwa umurimo wo kwigisha Qor’an, abo bose bemerewe guhabwa ubufasha buturutse mu kigega cy’umutungo w’abayislamu, kandi ibyo ntibibuza kubona ingororano n’ibihembo ku Mana mu gihe baba bakora iyo mirimo bagamije gushimisha Allah icyo gihembo bahabwa kikaba mu rwego rwo kuborohereza gusohoza iyo nshingano ariko atari cyo kigamijwe ubwacyo.

ESE BIREMEWE KO UMUYISLAMU AKORERA ABATARI ABAYISILAMU?

Biremewe ko Umuyislamu akorera abandi batari abayislamu mu gihe hujujwe ibi bikurikira :

•  -Kuba imirimo akora iziruwe muri Islam
•  -Kuba ibyo abakorera nta ngaruka mbi bifite kuri Islamu n’abayislamu.
•  -Kuba imirimo akora idasuzuguza ubuyislamu.

GUKORESHA UTARI UMUYISLAMU MU MIRIMO Y’UMUYISILAMU

Biremewe ko umuyislamu akoresha utari umuyislamu mu gihe ibyo amukorera ntacyo bibangamiyeho amategeko y’idini ya Islam.

GUKODESHA ABANTU BAKORA IBIKORWA BIBI

Ntabwo byemewe gukodesha inzu abantu bakoreramo ibikorwa bitemewe muri Islam nk’abakoreramo uburaya, abacuruza inzoga,ibiyobyabwenge, ibikoresho by’imiziki, za sinema na filim zitiyubashye, abakora ubucuruzi burimo Riba n’ibindi byose bitemewe muri islam, kuko kubaha aho babikorera ni ukubatera inkunga mu byaha, Allah yaravuze iti : “Mufatanye mu bikorwa byiza no gutinya Allah, ariko muramenye ntimugafatanye mu byaha n’ubugome”^{Qor’ani 5 :2}

GUHA UMUNTU INGURANE YO KUVA MUNZU Y’UBUKODE

Hari igihe umuntu ashobora gukodesha inzu yo kubamo cyangwa yo gukoreramo, kandi iyo nzu ikaba iri ahantu heza abandi bacuruzi bashaka cyane, icyo gihe biremewe ko undi muntu uyikeneye yaza akumvikana n’uwari uyisanzwemo akamusubiza amafaranga y’ubukode y’igihe yari asigaranyemo akanamugerekeraho andi kugirango amurekere iyo nzu yakodeshaga kugeza ubukode burangiye.

IBISABWA BY’UMUGEREKA MU MASEZERANO

Islamu yemera ibintu abantu bashobora gusaba abo bagiranye amasezerano iyo impande zombi zibyemeranyijeho ni ngombwa ko byubahirizwa nk’uko babivuganye kugirango abantu barusheho kuzuza no kubahiriza ibyo biyemeje, ibyo bituma abantu barushaho kubaha amasezerano bakanarinda ibintu by’abandi,  keretse habayeho impamvu yemewe yumvikana yatumye uruhande rumwe rutuzuza icyo rwiyemeje, icyo gihe urundi ruhande rugomba kuyemera.

Urugero :Nko kuba umuntu yaha undi akazi ko kumwubakira inzu mu gihe cy’umwaka umwe ku gaciro k’amafaranga runaka, bakongeraho ko narenza umwaka umwe atayujuje buri kwezi kurenzeho umwubatsi azajya avanwaho amafaranga runaka y’igihano cy’ubukererwe bubayeho nta mpamvu yemewe, icyo gihe umwubatsi agomba kuyishyura mu rwego rwo kuzuza ibyo bemeranyijeho, keretse habayeho ingorane zemewe n’urundi ruhande, icyo gihe ibihano bikamuvanwaho.

IBIREBANA N’AMARUSHANWA

Irushanwa bisobanuye kugera ku ntego runakaugatanga abandi.

Irushanwa muri Islamu riremewe, rishobora kuba ryiza bitewe n’ikigamijwe.

IMPAMVU IRUSHANWA RYASHYIZWEHO

Kurushanwa ni kimwe mu byiza bya Islam, byaraziruwe kuko harimo inyungu zo kunanura umubiri no kuwutoza ku mirimo ngirakamaro itandukanye, kumenyereza kwihangana n’izindi nyungu zinyuranye.

AMOKO Y’AMARUSHANWA

Irushanwa rikorwa mu gusiganwa hagati y’abantu, mu kurushanwa kurasa, gufora imiheto, gusiganwa ku mafarasi n’ingamiya n’ibindi nk’imodoka, amapikipiki, amagare n’ibindi.

IBISABWA KUGIRANGO IRUSHANWA RYEMERWE :

Kugira ngo irushanwa ryemerwe rigomba kuba ryujuje ibi bikurikira :

-Kuba abasiganwa bakoresha ubwoko bumwe bw’inyamaswa nk’ifarasi ku ifarasi, imodoka ku modoka n’ibindi.

-Niba ari irushanwa ryo kurasisha no guforesha imyambi bagomba kuba bakoresha igikoresho kimwe nk’umuheto ku muheto n’ibindi.

-Kuba intera y’aho bagomba gutanguranwa hazwi.

-Kuba igihembo cy’abatsinze kizwi.

-Kuba abarushanwa bazwi.

AMARUSHANWA YO GUKIRANA NO GUTURANA HASI

Irushanwa ryo gukirana, koga mu mazi n’ibindi bikomeza umubiri, biremewe muri Islam mu gihe bitabuza ababikora kuzuza izindi nshingano zangombwa nk’iswala, kandi bikaba bidafite ingaruka zikomeye ku bari kurushanwa nko kubabazanya no gukomeretsanya.

-Amarushanwa yo gukirana n’imirwano akorwa ahenshi muri ibi bihe, ni ikizira muri Islam, kubera ko abonekamo ingorane zikomeye no gukomeretsanya hagati y’abarushanwa.

-Ntabwo byemewe guteranya amatungo ngo arwane hagati yayo, nta n’ubwo byemewe gukinisha ubuzima bw’amatungo nko kuba ariyo abantu bakwigiraho guhamya mu kumasha no kurasisha imyambi.

GUHABWA IBIHEMBO MU MARUSHANWA BIFITE UBURYO BUTATU:

1. Irushanwa ryemewe guhabwamo igihembo, iryo n’iryo gusiganwa nko ku ifarasi n’ibindi.
2. Irushanwa ritemewe haba ku gihembo cyangwa nta gihembo, nko kubuguza, Rodo, Urusimbi n’ibindi nkabyo.
3. Irushanwa ryemewe nta gihembo ariko rikaba ritemewe ku gihembo, nko gusiganwa ku magaru, gukirana, ariko muri iri rushanwa biremewe gushimira uwaritsinze ahabwa ishimwe ryo kumutera imbaraga zo gukomeza, ariko iryo shimwe rikaba ritari rizwi ingano yaryo mbere.

UKO ISLAMU IBONA URUSIMBI

Urusimbi: Ni imikorere yose yo kwinjiza umutungo, kuburyo umuntu ashobora kunguka cyangwa agahomba nta y’indi mvune ibayeho ahubwo binyuze mu mikino runaka.

Ni ikizira gukina urusimbi n’indi mikino yose isa na rwo abantu bashoramo umutungo nk’amakarita, Rodo, n’ibindi nkabyo bishorwamo imitungo kuburyo hari uruhande rubyungukiramo n’urubihomberamo.

Allah yaravuze ati:”Yemwe abemeye, mu by’ukuri inzoga, urusimbi, kubandwa no guterekera ibyo byose ni umwanda kandi ni ibikorwa bya shitani, ngaho nimubyirinde kugirango muzakiranuke”. ^{Qor’an 5: 90.}

Intumwa Muhamadi (Allah amuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze ati: “Uzakina urusimbi azaba ari nkaho ariye inyama y’ingurube n’amaraso yayo”. ^{Yakiriwe na Muslim}

GUKINA IKARITA ZISANZWE NTA NGURANE

Gukina ikarita zisanzwe nta gihembo cyangwa ingurane irimo, bifatwako ari ibintu bidafite akamaro kandi usanga birangaza abantu bikabatesha imirimo ibafitiye akamaro, ikindi usanga bene iyi mikino itwara umwanya w’abantu bagakozemo ibindi bikorwa bya ngombwa, ibyo rero ni uburangare bukomeye no gupfusha igihe ubusa, niyo mpamvu umuntu agomba kubyirinda no kubigendera kure.

Ariko iyo muri iyo mikino habonetsemo kurengera amategeko ya Allah nko kureka cyangwa gukereza iswala ku gihe cyayo, gutukana, inzangano n’amakimbirane hagati y’abayikina, guta izindi nshingano nk’akazi umuntu ashinzwe, kurara inkera n’amajoro, n’ibindi bibi byaboneka muri iyi mikino, icyo gihe iba ibaye ikizira muri Islam bidasubirwaho, ku buryo uyigiyemo azabihanirwa ku munsi w’imperuka keretse abyicujije akanabisabira imbabazi kuri Allah.

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