Gushyingiranwa n’ubutane

Ibisobanuro bya Annikah

Annikah ni amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa hagati y’umugore n’umugabo,n’ubwo haba hatarabaho igikorwa cyo guhuza ibitsina. Gushyingiranwa ni amasezerano yashimangiwe n’idini ya Islam, agaragazwa na Qor-an ntagatifu ndetse n’imigenzo y’intumwa y’Imana Muhamad (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha). Muri Qur’an Imana iragira iti: Murongore abo mwishimiye mu bagore babiri,batatu,bane ariko nimurtinya ko mutazagira ubutabera hagati yabo,muzarongore umwe. Qur’an 4:3.

Nanone Imaa iragira iti:
No mu bimenyetso byayo ni uko yabaremeye abagore ibakomoye muri mwe kugirango bababere ituze inashyira hagati yanyu urukundo n’impuhwe,mu by’ukuri ibyo ni ibimenyetso ku batekereza (abafite ubwenge). Qor’an30:21

Mumvugo y’intumwa y’Imana(Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) iragira iti Yemwe mwa basore mwe ,uzagira ubushobozi muri mwe azarongore kuko bimufasha kubika amaso ye,no kurinda ubwambure;naho utazabishobora ajye asiba kuko igisibokuri we ni ingabo imubuza ibibi”. yakiriwe na Bukhari na muslim.

Ubushobozi buvugwa mu mvugo y’intumwa y’Imana ni:

1. bushobozi bw’umubiri kuba umuntu ari muzima
2. bushobozi bw’umutungo wo gutunga urugo.

Kurongora kandi ni umugenzo w’intumwa n’abahanuzi nk’uko Imana ibwira intumwa yayo iti :

 Mu kuri twohereje Intumwa mbere yawe tuziha abagore n’urubyaro)

Qur’an 13:38

Umwanya gushyingirana bifite mu idini
Muri rusange kurongora ni umugenzo w’umugereka ukomeye, ariko hari igihe bishobora kuba itegeko ku muntu utinya kugwa mu cyaha cy’ubusmbanyi igihe yaba atarongoye.

Zimwe mu mpamvu zatumye kurongora bishyirwaho Kurogora byashyizweho kubera impamvu n’inyungu zihambaye, Muri zo twavuga:

1. Niyo nzira yonyine yo kororoka kw’abantu
2. Kugwiza umubare w’abantu ku isi kandi ibyo bisabwa n’idini, nk’uko Intumwa y’imana ibivuga aho igira iti: Murongore abagore mukunze kandi babyara kuko ku munsi w’imperuka nzigamba ku zindi ntumwa ubwinshi bw’abantu banjye. Yakiriwe na Ahmed bun Hambali na Atwabarani
3. Bikemura ibyifuzo by’umubiri (imibonano) mu buryo buziruwe nk’uko Intumwa y”imana igira iti: Umwe muri mwe nabona ikintu kimunyuze ku mugore ajye ahita agana umugore we kuko ibyo bigarura ituze mu mutima we”. Yakirwe na Muslim
4. Ni inzira ituma muntu yiyubaha arinda amaso ye n’ubwambure.
5. Ni inzira yo kurinda umuryango mugari (abana, abagore n’abagabo) kwandagara hirya no hino.

Inkingi z’amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa

Amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa afite inkingi eshatu arizo:

1. Kuba hari umugabo n’umugore badafite imiziro ibabuza kubana, nko kuba bafitanye isano rya hafi cyangwa umugore ari muri eda n’izindi mpamvu zitemerera abantu kubana.
2. Imvugo y’uhagarariye umukobwa yemera kumutanga (kumushyingira)
   – Imvugo y’umugabo ushyingiwe yemera uwo bamushyingiyej.
   Izi mvugo zombi zigomba kuba zisobanutse kandi zumvikana nta mayobera arimo. Mu bisanzwe ni uko imvugo y’ushyingira ibanziriza imvugo y’uhawe umugore (ushyingiwe) nko kuba yamubwira ati: nkushyingiye umukobwa wanjye, umuhawe nawe ati : ndabyemeyeAriko biranashoboka ko imvugo y’ushyingiwe ibanziriza iy’ushyingiye, nko kuba umugabo yavuga ati: Nshyingira umukobwa wawe; abwira uhagarariye umukobwa, uhagarariye umukobwa akamubwira ati: ndabyemeye.Ibisabwa kugirango amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa atungane Kugirango amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa atungane hagomba kuba hujujwe ibi bikurikira:
   ICYITONDERWA:
   Ufite uburenganzira mbere y’abandi mu guhagararira umukobwa ni se cyangwa sekuru gukomeza hejuru; hagakurikiraho abana b’ushyingirwa igihe abafite, hagakurikiraho basaza be,hagakurikiraho ba se wabo. uhagagrariye umukobwa mu masezerano yo gushyingiranwa agomba kuba yujuje ibi bikurikira:
   Uba umuhamya w’aya masezerano agomba kuba yujuje ibi bikurikira:
   ICYITONDERWA:
   Urugero rw’iberebwa ku bagiye gushyingiranwa ni uguhuza idini n’imyifatire, naho ibindi bitari ibyo nk’imiryango, umwuga, umutungo n’ibindi nk’ibyo, ntabwo byitabwaho nta n’ubwo kuba batari ku rwego rumwe muri ibyo byababuza gushyingiranwa, ndetse n’uwabishingiraho yaba arengereye imbago z’idini, nk’uko Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) Yagize iti: Nimuzirwa n’uwo mwishimiye imyitwarire ye n’idini ye, muzamushyingire, nimutabikora mu isi hazabaho ibigeragezo n’ubwangizi bukomeye”Kuba hari inkwano, bisobanuye ko baramutse bemeye gushyingiranwa nta nkwano zitanzwe ayo masezerano ntabwo yemerwa, ariko singombwa ko inkwano zivugwa mu gihe cy’amasezerano.Abaziririjwe Gushyingiranwa
   Ubundi gushyingiranwa biraziruwe, ariko hari abatemerewe gushyingiranwa kubera isano bafitanye, kuba baronse ibere rimwe, n’izindi mpamvu zituma abantu batemererwa gushyingiranwa nk’uko bigaragara mu bice bikurikira:
   Abo gushyingiranwa ari ikizira kuri bo burundu
   •  Kuba abagiye gushyingiranwa bazwi mu mazina yabo cyangwa imiterere ibaranga igihe badahari, naho iyo batazwi ntabwo amasezerano yemerwa. Nko kuba yamubwira ati nkushyingiye umwe mu bakobwa banjye kandi afite abakobwa benshi.
   •  Gushimana kw’abagiye gushyingiranwa nta n’umwe ushyizweho agahato ko kubana n’undi, nk’uko Intumwa y’Imana(Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) ivuga iti: umugore wigeze gushaka ntagashyingirwe atabajijwe ko abyemera, naho umukobwa ntagashyingirwe atatswe uburenganzira; abasangirangendo babajije Intumwa y’Imana bati : yewe Ntumwa y’Imana, ese ni gute umukobwa atanga uburenganzira? Arabasubiza ati: ni uko ececeka” yakiriwe na Bukhari na Muslim
   •  Iyi mvugo iragaragaza ko bitemewe gushyingira umugore wigeze gushaka atabyemeye mu buryo butomoye, iranagaragaza kandi ko bitemewe gushyingira umukobwa atatswe uburenganzira bushimangirwa n’imvugo ye yemeza ko abyemeye, cyangwa, agaceceka. Ariko iyo yanze cyangwa akarira bigaragaza kutishimira icyo gikorwa, icyo gihe kirazira kumuhatira gushyingirwa kuko biba bigaragara ko atabishaka.
   •  Kuba hari uhagarariye ushyingirwa “WALIYU”. Ntibyemewe ko umukobwa ashyingirwa umuhagarariye cyangwa uwo yahaye ububasha bwo kumuhagararira adahari ngo abyemere. Nk’uko Intumwa y’Imana ivuga iti: nta gushyingiranwa kudafite uhagarariye umukobwa”. yakiriwe na Ahmad
   •  Kuba ari umuyislamu w’inyangamugayo
   •  Kuba agimbutse agejeje igihe cyo kurebwa n’amategeko ya islamu “BALEGH”
   •  Kuba ari igitsina gabo kandi afite ubwigenge atari umucakara.
   •  Iyo ibi byangombwa atabyujuje cyangwa akanga kumushyingira, ubuhagararizi bwimukira kuwundi umukurikira hakurikijwe uko bavuzwe haruguru.
   •  Igihe ashyingiwe n’umuhagararizi w’isano rya kure kandi hari uw’isano rya hafi cyangwa agashyingirwa n’utujuje ibisabwa ayo masezerano ntiyemerwa.
   •  Ubuhamya bw’amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa, nk’uko Intumwa y’Imana(Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yabishimangiye igira iti: Nta gushyingiranwa kudafite uhagarariye umukobwa n’abahamya babiri b’inyangamugayo”. yakiriwe na Twabaraniy na bayhaqiy.
   •  Kuba ari babiri
   •  kuba bombi ari inyangamugayo
   •  kuba bagimbutse (BALIGH) bagejeje igihe cyo kurebwa n’amategeko ya Islam
   •  kuba bombi ari igitsina gabo
   •  kuba bumva
   •  Kuba abagiye gushyingirana bahuje idini n’imyifatire: bisobanuye ko umukobwa utunganye w’imico myiza wemera Imana atashyingirwa umugabo w’umwangizi cyangwa w’umuhakanyi.
   1. Abaziririjwe kubera isano
      o Mama wawe na nyina umubyara (nyogokuru) ugakomeza ukazamuka
      o Umukobwa wawe, umwuzukuru n’umwuzukuruza bawe.
      o Bashiki bawe
      o Ba nyogosenge
      o Abavukana na mama wawe(ba nyoko wanyu)
      o Abakobwa ba bashiki bawe(abishywa) n’ababakobwa b’abavandimwe banyu muvukana.
      Aba bose baziririzwa na Qor-an aho Imana yagize iti :
       mwaziririjwe kurongora ababyeyi banyu, abakobwa banyu, bashiki banyu, ba nyogosenge,ba nyoko wanyu, abakobwa b’abavandimwe banyu, n’abakobwa ba bashiki banyu”Qor-an 4 :23
   2. Abaziririjwe kubera konka ibere rimwe
      Uwonkeje umuntu ataramubyaye cyangwa abonse ibere rimwe ariko nta rindi sano bari bafitanye aba nabo ni nk’abazirijwe kubera isano, nk’uko Imana ibishimangira igira iti: Mwaziririjwe kurongora ababyeyi banyu babandi babonkeje(batababyaye) na bashiki banyu mwonse ibere rimwe(mutavukanye)Qor-an 4 :23Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe aqmahoro n’imigisha) yashimangiye kuziririza gushyingiranwa bishingiwe ku konka ibere rimwe igira iti: Abaziririzwa kubera kuvukana ni nabo baziririjwe kubera gusangira ibere Yakiriwe na Bukhari na MuslimIyi mvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana Muhamad iragaragazo ko konka ibere rimwe ari impamvu iziririza gushyingiranwa, kandi bikagenda bikurikirana nk’uko andi masano ameze.ubwo kirazira kurongora umubyeyi wakonkeje n’ubwo yaba atarakubyaye, kirazira kurongora nyina umubyara ariwe witwa nyogokuru w’ibere, ugakomeza ukazamuka. kiranazira kurongora umukobwa wonkejwe n’umugore wawe, n’umukobwa we ugakomeza ukamanuka. kirazira kurongora umukobwa mwonse rimwe n’ubwo mwaba mutavukana, kirazira kurongora nyogosenge w’ibere, kiranazira kurongora uwavukanye n’umubyeyi wakonkeje, kiranazira kurongora umukobwa w’umuvandimwe mwonse ibere rimwe, kiranazira kurongora umukobwa wa mushiki wawe mwonse rimwe.Abaziririjwe kubera kubashakamo Umugore w’umubyeyi wawe, n’umugore wa sogokuru, n’umugore wa sogokuruza ugakomeza ukazamura ; Nk’uko Imana ibishimangira igira iti: Muramenye ntimuzashyingiranwe n’abagore bashatswe n’ababyeyi banyu keretse ibyabaye ho mbere ya islam, kuko kubikora ni amahano, igisebo n’inzira mbi Qur’an 4 :23 ? Umugore w’umwana wawe (umukazana), uw’umwuzukuru, n’uw’umwuzukuruza, ugakomeza ukamanuka ; nk’uko Imana ibishimangira muri Qur’an igira iti : kandi muziririjwe gushyingiranwa n’abagore b’abana banyu bakomoka mu migongo yanyu. Qur’an 4 :23 Nyokobukwe, Ibi Imana ibishimangira igira iti : kandi muziririjwe gushyingiranwa na ba nyokobukwe. Qor-an 6 :23Umukobwa w’umugore waweICYITONDERWA:
      Batatu babanza bavuzwe haruguru(aribo :umugore w’umubyeyi wawe,umugore w’umwana wawe na nyokobukwe, baziririzwa n’amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa n’ubwo nta mibonano mpuza bitsina yaba yabayeho. Naho umukobwa w’umugore wawe, aba ikizira iyo wagiranye imibonano mpuzabitsina na nyina, Naho igihe utandukanye na nyina nta mibonano mpuzabitsina murakorana, icyo gihe wemerewe kuba washyingiranywa n’umukobwa we mutabyaranye. Ibi Imana ibishimangira igira iti: Mwaziririjwe gushyingiranwa n’abakobwa b’abagore banyu mwamaze gukorana imibonano na ba nyina, ariko igihe mutandukanye na ba nyina nta mibonano mpuzabitsina mwakoranye, nta cyaha kirimo kuba mwashyingiranywa n’abakobwa baboQur’an 4 :23
   3. Abaziririjwe kubera indahiro bagiranye Igihe umugabo ashinja umugore ubusambanyi nta buhamya abifitiye, icyo gihe buri wese muri abo bashakanye arahira indahiro imbere y’umucamanza, umugabo akavuga inshuro enye agira ati : Ntanze Imana ho umuhamya ko ibyo mvuga ari ukuri namubonye ari gusambana Ubwa gatanu akavuga ati : niba mbeshya imivumo y’Imana imbeho Umugore nawe iyo abihakana avuga aya magambo inshuro enye agira ati : Ntanze Imana ho umuhamya ko umugabo wanjye icyaha anshinja abeshya Ubwa gatanu akavuga ati : imivumo y’Imana imbeho niba ibyo umugabo avuga ari ukuri. Ibi biboneka muri Qur’an surat an-nur 6-9 Iyo rero bamaze kugirana izi ndahiro bahita batandukana bombi baba bazira burundu kongera gushyingiranwa.
   4. Abagore b’Intumwa y’Imana Muhammad “Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha” Kirazira ko hari umuntu uwo ari we wese ushobora gushyingiranwa n’umwe mu bagore bigeze gushyingiranwa n’Intumwa y’Imana Muhamad (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha), nk’uko Imana ibishimangira igira iti: Ntimwemerewe kubuza amahoro Intumwa y’Imana ntimunemerewe gushyingiranwa n’abagore be nyuma ye, kuko ibyo ari icyaha gikomeye ku ManaQur’an 33:53
   5. Abaziririjwe mu bihe runaka
      Abo ni abaziririjwe gushyingiranwa mu bihe runaka, byarangira bikaba biziruwe, abo ni aba bakurikira : Abaziririjwe kubana nabo mu gihe kimwe, Abo ni:
      •  Kurongora mukuru cyangwa murumuna w’umugore wawe, nyina wabo cyangwa nyirasenge, mu gihe mukibana nawe. keretse mu gihe waba waratandukanye nawe, icyo gihe washakana n’umwe muri abo. Ibyo Imana ibishimangira muri Qur’an igira iti: Ntimwemerewe gushyingiranwa n’abakobwa babiri bava inda imwe ngo mubane nabo bombi.Qur’an 4 :23 Intumwa y’Imana nayo iti : ntihakagire umugore ushakirwaho nyirasenge cyangwa nyina wabo.yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslimu
      •  Gushyingiranwa n’umugore wa gatanu mu gihe ufite bane mubana nabo bakiri abagore bawe. Ibi bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana ubwo yategekaga umugabo wabaye umuyislam yari afite abagore icumi yashatse mbere, Intumwa iramubwira iti: sigarana bane abandi mutandukane yakiriwe na Ahmed na Tirmidhy
      •  Umugore ufite umugabo. Kirazira gushyingiranwa n’umugore ugifitanye n’undi mugabo amasezerano yo kubana, nk’uko Imana ibishimangira igira iti: ntimugashyingiranwe n’abagore bafite abagabo Qor-an 4:24 Ndetse n’ubwo baba baratandukanye akiri muri EDA ntibyemewe gushingiranwa nawe keretse nyuma yo kurangiza EDA, nk’uko Imana ibivuga igira iti: Ntimugashyingiranwe n’abagore bari muri EDA kugeza igihe EDA irangiriye Qur’an 2:235
      •  Umugore wawe wasenze “italaka” bwa gatatu; iyo umugabo asenze umugore inshuro eshatu kirazira ko yongera gusubirana nawe keretse abanje gushyingiranwa n’undi mugabo, bakagirana imibonano mpuzabitsina, kandi nawe akamusenda batabigambanye n’uwa mbere, ibyo iyo bitabaye ni ikizira ko bongera gusubirana nk’uko Imana ibivuga igira iti: umugabo nasenda umugore we bwa gatatu ntabwo amuziruriwe kugeza igihe ashyingiranwe n’undi mugabo nawe akamusenda Qor-an 2:230
      •  Umukobwa cyangwa umugore uri mu migenzo ya Hidjat cyangwa Umrah, nk’uko Intumwa y’Imana ibishimangira igira iti: uri mu migenzo ya Hidjat ntashyingirwa nta n’ubwo ashyingira nta n’ubwo arambagiza yakiriwe na Muslim na Tirmidhy. Iyi mvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana iragaragaza ko umuntu uri mu migenzo ya Hidjat cyangwa Umrah atemerewe kurambagiza, gushyingirwa no gushyingira.
      •  Umusambanyikazi kugeza yicujije agahinduka. Kirazira gushyingiranwa n’umugore uzwiho ubusambanyi keretse yaricujije agahinduka akareka izo ngeso mbi; nk’uko Imana ibishimangira igira iti: umusambanyikazi nta wundi ashyingirwa uretse umusambanyi cyangwa umubangikanya Mana, kandi ibyo byose ni ikizira ku bemeramana Qur’an 24:3
      •  Umuhakanyikazi, nk’uko Imana igira iti: Ntimugashyingiranwe n’abahakanyikazi Qur’an 60 :10 Amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa atemewe Amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa atemewe ni ayabujijwe mu idini cyangwa abura imwe mu nkingi cyangwa mu byangombwa bisabwa kugirango atungane.Amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa atemewe kuberako idini riyabuza ni aya akurikira:
      •  SHIGHARU:
        Ni ukuba abantu bashyingirana abageni nta nkwano zitanzwe, nko kuba bakumvikana bati: Nshyingira umukobwa wawe cyangwa mushiki wawe nanjye nkushyingire umukobwa wanjye cyangwa mushiki wanjye nta nkwano dutanze. Aya masezerano rero ni ikizira muri islam n’iyo abayeho ntiyemerwa aba imfabusa, kuko Intumwa y’Imana Muhamad (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yayabujije yakiriwe na Bukhari na Muslim
      •  Amasezerano yo kuzirurira umugabo umugore we yasenze inshuro eshatu. Nko kuba yaramusenze inshuro eshatu agashaka kongera gusubirana nawe kandi idini itabyemera, maze akumvikana n’undi mugabo ngo amurongore nawe amusende, maze abe amuziruriye umugabo we wa mbere, ibyo rero ntabwo byemewe ni ikizira, kuko Intumwa y’Imana Muhamad (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yavumye umugabo uzirura umugore n’uwo amuzirurira yakiriwe na Ahmad na Abu Dawuda
      •  Amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa mu gihe kizwi kigenwe “MUTIAT”. Nko kuba bakumvikana ko bazabana mu gihe kizwi kigenwe nk’umwaka, ukwezi, icyumweru n’ibindi nk’ibyo. Ayo masezerano ni ikizira ntiyemewe, uretse ko mu ntangiriro za islam yari yemewe ariko Imana iza kuyaziririza kuzageza ku munsi w’imperuka, nk’uko bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana yakiriwe na ALIY mwene ABITWALIB aho agira ati: Intumwa y’Imana yabujije amasezerano yo gushyingiranwa mu gihe kigenwe MUTIAT yakiriwe na Muslim na Ahmad Aya masezerano ni ikizira kuva igihe Intumwa y’Imana yayaziririje kuzageza ku munsi w’imperuka; iyo aramutse anabayeho ntiyemerwa, kuko ari ubwangizi nk’ubusambanyi ndetse nta kindi agamije uretse kwinezeza gusa, nta n’inyungu n’imwe bifite kumuryango mugari w’abantu, nko kubaka umuryango, kurinda urubyaro n’ibindi. Ahubwo aya masezerano atuma urubyaro rwandagara, udasize ba nyina bagirwa abagore mu gihe gito bakaba barabaretse, n’izindi ngaruka n’inkurikizi mbi z’aya masezerano y’igihe kigenwe.