UBUTABERA MURI ISLAM
Islam ni idini yavuze kuri buri kintu cyose abantu bakeneye mu buzima, igaragaza uko abantu bagomba kwitwara ku mategeko y’Imana inagaragaza n’uko abantu bagomba kubana hagati yabo. Mubyo yategetse rero bigomba kuranga abantu mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi, ni ukugira ubutabera mu guca imanza hagati y’abantu ndetse no kuvugisha ukuri bakirinda kubeshya no kubogama. Ibyo Imana yabitegetse muri Qor’ani ntagatifu aho igira iti:
“Yemwe abemeye, nimutinye Imana kandi mube hamwe n’abanyakuri”
Qor’ani 9:119
Uyu murongo uragaragaza ko Imana yategetse abantu kuvugisha ukuri ndetse no kuba hamwe n’abavugisha ukuri, ninako yabujije guhisha ukuri no ku kwambika ikinyoma kandi ubizi. Aha Imana iragira iti:
“Ntimuzambike ukuri ikinyoma mugahisha ukuri kandi mubizi”
Qor’ani 2:42
Muri uyu murongo wa Qor’ani, Imana irabuza abantu guhisha ukuri bakuzi bakakwambika ikinyoma.
Naho k’ubutabera, Imana yategetse abantu kugira ubutabera no kutabogama igihe bakiranura abandi mu manza, ibategeka kuba inyangamugayo n’abanyakuri kabone n’ubwo baba bicira imanza ubwabo cyangwa se bazicira ababyeyi babo, bagomba kugira ubutabera bakirinda kubogama. Imana iragira iti:
“Yemwe abemeye Imana, nimube abahagararizi b’ukuri, mube abahamya kubera Imana, n’ubwo byaba ari uguhamya roho zanyu, ababyeyi banyu cyangwa abavandimwe ba hafi”
Qor’ani 4:135
Na none Imana iti:
“Ntimuzakurikize irari ritazababuza kugira ubutabera, kandi nimuramuka muyobye mukirengagiza ubutabera n’ukuri mumenye ko Imana izi neza ibyo mukora”
Qor’ani 4:135
Iyi mirongo ya Qor’ani iragaragaza ko abantu bagomba kuba abanyakuri bagaca imanza mu butabera batabogamye, n’ubwo baba aribo bicira imanza ubwabo cyangwa bazicira ababyeyi babo cyangwa abavandimwe. Imana iragira iti:
“Nimuvuga mugire ubutabera n’ubwo byaba ku bantu ba hafi”
Qor’ani 6:152
Nk’uko rero Imana yategetse ubutabera no kutabogama kabone n’ubwo byaba ku babyeyi n’abavandimwe, ni nako yabitegetse ko abantu bagira ukuri n’ubutabera ku bantu bafitanye ibibazo, bakirinda ko ibyo bibazo bindi bafitanye byaba impamvu yo kwihimura no kubahimbira babagerekaho icyaha igihe babacira urubanza, Imana iragira iti:
“Yemwe abemeye, ni mube abahagararizi kubera Imana mube abahamya b’ukuri, kandi ibibazo muzaba mufitanye n’abantu, ntibizatume mutabagiraho ubutabera n’ukuri, ni mu gire ubutabera nibyo byegereye gutinya Imana, kandi mutinye Imana kuko Imana izi ibyo mukora”
Qor’ani 5:8
No mu nyigisho z’intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) zigaragaza ubutabera ni nyinshi cyane; muri zo twavuga urubanza rwabayeho ku gihe cy’intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi kubera umugore wari wibye akomoka mu muryango ukomeye ndetse abantu bakunda, nk’uko rero itegeko rya Islamu rivuga ko uwibye bamuca akaboko, abantu bagiye ku ntumwa y’Imana basabira uwo mugore imbabazi ngo ye gucibwa ukuboko, kuko yakomokaga mu muryango ukomeye, aha Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yababwiye amagambo akomeye kandi arakaye igira iti:
“Murasaba imbabazi ku bihano Imana yategetse, muby’ukuri icyoretse abantu bababanjirije ni uko iyo hibaga umuntu w’umunyantege nke utishoboye bamucaga ukuboko, ariko hakwiba umuntu wishoboye ukomoka mu muryango ukomeye bakamureka” Intumwa y’Imana ikomeza ibabwira iti: “Ku izina ry’Imana n’iyo yaba ari FATUMA umukobwa wanjye wibye namuca ukuboko kwe”
Aya magambo y’intumwa y’Imana aragaragaza ko abantu bagomba kugira ubutabera n’ukuri no guca imanza z’ukuri bakirinda kubogama.
AKAMARO K’UBUHAMYA MURI ISLAMU:
Islamu ishimangira uruhare rukomeye rw’ubuhamya n’imigendekere myiza y’ubutabera, ni nayo mpamvu yategetse ugutanga ubuhamya bw’ukuri kubyo wabonye ukirinda kubihisha kandi ubizi neza, kabone n’ubwo byaba ari uguhamya uwawe. Imana iragira iti:
“Ntimugahishe ubuhamya, kandi uzabuhisha azaba akoze icyaha kandi Imana izi ibyo mukora” Qor’ani 2:283
Muri uyu murongo, Imana irabuza abantu guhisha ubuhamya bw’ibyo bazi, ukanagaragaza kandi ko kubuhisha ari icyaha, ibyo ni ukubera ko ubuhamya ari ikintu gikomeye gituma nyir’ukuri aguhabwa n’urengana akarenganurwa, ndetse ku buhamya niho imanza zishingira, ubwo rero niyo mpamvu Imana yabujije kubuhisha. Na none nk’uko Islamu itegeka gutanga ubuhamya bw’ukuri ikanabuza kubuhisha, ninako yabujije guhamya no guhagararira ibyo utazi. Guhamya ibyo utabonye by’ibinyoma nko kuba washinja umuntu icyo atakoze ukakimuhamya kandi uzi neza ko umubeshyera, ibyo nabyo ni icyaha ndetse gihambaye muri Islamu, Imana ikibuza abantu muri Qor’ani ntagatifu aho igira iti:
“Ntugahagararire ibyo udafitiye ubumenyi, kuko amatwi, amaso n’umutima ibyo byose umuntu azabibazwa” Qor’ani 17:36
Na none Imana igaragaza ibiranga abemera igira iti:
“Ni babandi badahamya ibinyoma” Qor’ani 25:72
Iyi mirongo iragaragaza ko guhamya ibinyoma no guhagararira ibyo utazi ari icyaha gihambaye, nk’uko Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) igira iti:
“Mu byaha bihambaye harimo kuvuga ibinyoma no guhamya ibinyoma”
Guhamya ibinyoma rero muri Islamu biri mu byaha bihambaye, ibyo biterwa n’uko bishobora kwambura ukuri nyira kwo bikaguhesha utagukwiye, binashobora guhanisha urengana bikarenganura umunyacyaha kandi ibyo byose binyuranyije n’ubutabera n’ukuri Imana yategetse, ari nabyo bituma ubuzima bw’abantu bugenda neza, urengana akarenganurwa n’umunyacyaha akagihanirwa.
Na none mubyo Islamu yabujije mu rwego rw’ubutabera, ni ukuziza umuntu ubuhamya bw’ukuri yatanze kubyo yabonye azi, kabone n’ubwo yaba yabutanze ku mubyeyi cyangwa umuvandimwe wawe, ntibikwiye kubimwangira no kumucurira imigambi yo kumugirira nabi kubera ubwo buhamya yatanze, kuko ibyo ni icyaha, nk’uko Imana ibivuga igira iti:
“Kandi umwanditsi n’umuhamya ntibakagirirwe inabi, ni mubikora bizaba ari ubwangizi kuri mwe” Qor’ani 2:282
Uyu murongo urabuza abantu kugirira nabi abahamya no kubaziza ubuhamya bw’ukuri batanga.
Ibi byose rero bigaragaza uburyo Islamu ari idini y’ubutabera n’ukuri, itegeka abantu kuvuga ukuri no guhamya ibyo babonye, ikanababuza guhamya ibyo batazi no guhimba ibinyoma bitabayeho, ndetse inababuza kuziza umuntu ubuhamya bw’ukuri yatanze, inagaragaza ko kubimuziza ari ubwangizi n’ubugome bukomeye.
KWEMERA ICYAHA, KUCYIHANA NO KUGISABIRA IMBABAZI MURI ISLAM:
Islamu ishimangira ko igihe umuntu ahemukiye mugenzi we mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose, aba akoze icyaha azabazwa ku munsi w’imperuka, niyo mpamvu ategekwa gusaba imbabazi agakiranuka n’abo yahemukiye bakiri hano ku isi, ibyo atabikoze azahura n’urubanza rukomeye imbere y’Imana, Imana iragira iti:
“Ku munsi w’imperuka tuzashyiraho iminzani y’ubutabera, nta muntu n’umwe uzahuguzwa akantu na gato, kabone n’ubwo kaba kagana n’igito kurusha ibiriho byose, tuzakazana (tukamwereke) kandi turihagije mu kubarurira abantu bose” Qor’ani 21:47
Islamu yategetse ko igihe umuntu akoshereje mugenzi we agomba kwemera ikosa yamukoreye kandi akamusaba imbabazi, Ibyo kandi akabikora abivanye ku mutima, adatinye amaso y’abantu cyangwa ibihano ashobora guhabwa hano ku isi bitewe n’icyaha yemeye, kuko igihe yapfa atagisabiye imbabazi yazahura n’ibihano bihambaye cyane , kuko igihe abantu bazazuka ku munsi w’imperuka buri wese azabazwa ibyo yakoze kandi akishyura abo yahemukiye bose, niyo mpamvu Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yatugiriye inama yo gusubiza ukuri n’amahugu byabo twahuguje hano ku isi tugifite ubushobozi bwo kubishyura no kubasaba imbabazi,mbere y’uko tuva ku isi tukazishyuzwa kandi ntacyo dufite twishyura uretse ibikorwa byacu byiza, aha Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) iragira iti:
“Uzaba afite amahugu yahuguje mugenzi we, azamusabe imbabazi, amusubize ukuri kwe, mbere y’uko haba wa munsi nta MADIRIHAMU cyangwa AMADINARI (amafaranga) bizakora ahubwo umuntu akazishyura abo yahuguje ibikorwa bye byiza”
Iyi mvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana iragaragaza neza uburyo Islamu yitaye cyane ku burenganzira n’ukuri kw’abantu, niyo mpamvu kugira ngo umuntu yicuze ku Mana ku cyaha yakoze agomba kuba yujuje ibi bikurikira: Kubabazwa n’icyo yakoze Kwiyemeza kukireka no kutazagisubiraho Kwicuza no Kugisabira imana imbabazi Iyo icyaha yakoze kiri hagati ye na mugenzi, yaramuhemukiye mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose, kugira ngo Imana yakire ukwicuza kwe yongeraho kubanza gusubiza uwo yahemukiye ukuri kwe akanamusaba imbabazi.
Iyo bitagenze gutyo, umuntu akazapfa adasabye imbabazi uwo yahemukiye, aba yiteganyirije ibihano by’ejo ku munsi w’imperuka, kandi ntabyo kwishyura azabona ndetse no gusaba imbabazi bitagishobotse, ahubwo akazishyura mu bikorwa byiza bye yakoze, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana (Imana iyimuhe amahoro n’imigisha) ubwo yasobanuraga ko:
“Umuntu w’umunyagihombo washiriwe ari wa wundi uzaza ku munsi w’imperuka afite ibyiza byinshi, yarasengaga cyane, atanga amaturo n’ibindi byiza bingana n’imisozi, ariko akazaza hari abo yahemukiye , yaramennye amaraso ya kanaka, yarasebeje kanaka, yarariye umutungo wa kanaka, yarahuguje kanaka, icyo gihe abo bantu bose bazamwishyuza imbere y’Imana adashobora kubava imbere atabishyuye ukuri kwabo, kandi nta mitungo izaba ikora kuri uwo munsi. Ubwo rero hazafatuwa mu byiza bye yakoze, bahe kanaka na kanaka mubo yahemukiye bose, babagabanye ibyiza by’uwabahemukiye, ibyiza bye nibishira atarishyura abamwishyuza bose, hazafatuwa mu bibi bakoze babimujugunyeho maze ashyirwe mu bihano by’umuriro”
Iyi mvugo y’intumwa y’Imana iragaragaza ko ukuri kw’abantu ari ikintu gikomeye cyane kandi ko abantu bagomba kwirinda guhemukira abandi, ndetse igihe hagize uhemukira mugenzi we ku buryo ubwo aribwo bwose agomba kumusaba imbabazi kandi abivanye ku mutima akamusubiza ibyo yamuhuguje kugira ngo n’imbere y’Imana ababarirwe icyo cyaha.
KUBABARIRA UWAGUHEMUKIYE:
Islamu ishishikariza uwahemukiwe gutanga imbabazi no kubabarira uwamuhemukiye kandi nawe abivanye ku mutima akanabimwereka ko yamubabariye, kugira ngo azabone ibyiza n’ibihembo byateganyirijwe abababarira ababakoshereje.
Ibyo bihembo Imana yabivuze mu mirongo myinshi ya Qor’ani, ishishikariza abantu gutanga imbabazi no kubabarira ababahemukiye, muri ibyo bihembo ni uko gutanga imbabazi ari igikorwa cyiza mu byatuma umuntu abona ijuru ry’Imana, nk’uko Imana yagaragaje abantu bazahabwa ijuru igira iti:
“N’abazimya uburakari bakababarira abantu, kandi Imana ikunda abagira neza” Qor’ani 3:134
Uyu murongo wa Qor’ani ugaragaza ko gutanga imbabazi no kuzimya uburakari tukagirira abantu neza ari ibikorwa byiza Imana ikunda. Na none mu byiza byo kubabarira abantu ku byaha badukoshereje, ni uko ubabariye nawe Imana izamubabarira amakosa ye. Imana iragira iti:
“Na ba bandi Imana yahaye ibyiza n’imitungo muri mwe , ntibazarahire ko batazafasha abantu babo , abakene n’abimutse mu nzira y’Imana kubera ibib babakoreye, ahubwo bababarire banirengagize ibyo babakoreye , ese mwebwe ntimwifuza ko Imana ibabarira ibyaha byanyu, kandi Imana niyo nyir’imbabazi nyir’impuhwe” Qor’ani 24:22
Uyu murongo wa Qor’ani wahishuwe igihe umwe mu basangirangaendo b’Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) witwaga ABUBAKAR, yarahiraga ko atazongera gufasha no kugirira neza umugabo witwa MISTAH kubera ikosa yari yakoze, ariko uyu murongo umaze guhishurwa, Imana ikabaza ngo: Ese ntimushaka ko namwe Imana izabababarira ibyaha byanyu? Abubakar yahise avuga ati: “Rwose ndifuza ko Imana izambabarira ibyaha byanjye”, ubwo ahita yisubiraho ahindura icyemezo yari yafashe akomeza kugirira neza uwo mugabo. Ibyo rero bigaragaza ko umuntu agomba kubabarira uwamukoshereje akirengagiza ibyo yamukoreye, aha Imana iragira iti:
“Nimubabarira, mukirengagiza, mugatanga imbabazi, Imana nayo ni Nyir’imbabazi Nyir’impuhwe” Qor’ani 64:14
Naho mu nyigisho z’Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) zigaragaza ibyiza byo gutanga imbabazi kubadukoshereje nazo ni nyinshi, muri zo twavuga: Igihe yajyaga kubwiriza ubutumwa abantu bo mu mujyi wa TWAIFU maze bakamutera amabuye, nibwo abamalaika bamubajije bati:
“Ese aba bantu tubahurizeho imisozi ibiri cyangwa tubagusheho imvura ibarimbure?” Intumwa Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) irabasubiza iti: “Oya” ahubwo ibasabira ku Mana iti: “Nyagasani babarira aba bantu banjye kuko ibyo bakora ntibabizi”
Naho mu mvugo z’Intumwa y’Imana zigaragaza ibyiza byo kubabarira abadukoshereje hari aho igira iti:
“Uzashimishwa no kuzubakirwa inzu nziza mu ijuru akanazamurirwa inzego, azababarire uwamuhemukiye, ahe uwamwimye, anabanire neza umubanira nabi”
Iyi niyo Islamu, Idini y’ubutabera, yategetse guca imanza z’ukuri nta kubogama, itegeka abantu gutanga ubuhamya bw’ukuri kubyo bazi, inababuza kubuhimba no guhamya ibyo batahagazeho, ibuza kugirira nabi abanditsi n’abahamya b’ibyo babonye, yategetse uwahemutse kwicuza no gusaba imbabazi uwo yahemukiye abivanye ku mutima, kugirango Imana yakire kwicuza kwe, inashishikariza uwahemukiwe kuzitanga no kubabarira uwamuhemukiye, inamuteganyiriza ibihembo bihambaye kubera imbabazi atanze.
Umusozo w’Isomo ry’Ubutabera muri Islam – “Shariah – Justice”
