2 – ISWALA (AMASENGESHO):

UBURYO BWO KUBAMA BYO KWIBAGIRWA:

Kubama byo kwibagirwa bifite uburyo bune:

1. Igihe umuntu urimo gusari yongereye igikorwa mu bikorwa by’isengesho yibagiwe: Nk’igihagararo cyangwa kunama cyangwa se kubama akaba yakubama nka kabiri cyangwa agahagarara aho yagombaga kwicara cyangwa se agasari isengesho rifite raka enye we agasari eshanu: Ategetswe kubama bikorwa n’uwibagiwe, yabyibuka mbere yo gusoza isengesho cyangwa se nyuma yabyo.

2. Igihe urimo gusenga agize icyo agabanya mu nkingi zigize isengesho: Iyo abyibutse mbere y’uko ajya ku nkingi ikurikiyeho mu iraka ikurikiye iyo yari arimo gusenga: Ategetswe kongera gukora ibyo yari yibagiwe agakomereza ku bindi bikurikira, Naho iyo abyibutse yatangiye iraka ikurikiyeho icyo gihe ntabwo yongera kubisubiramo ahubwo iyo raka yibagiwemo inkingi iba ibaye imfabusa. Naho iyo abyibutse yarangije gusoza isengesho arongera agakora ya nkingi yibagiwe hamwe n’ibiyikurikira muri iyo raka, akubama byo kwibagirwa, n’iyo asoje yagabanyije nk’uwasaye iraka eshatu ku isengesho rifite iraka enye agasoza, maze akibutswa, ahita ahaguruka adatangije TAKBIRAT (ALLAHU AKBARU) ku Niya yo gukomeza isengesho, agasari iraka yibagiwe, nyuma akubama byo kwibagirwa agasoza.

3. Iyo urimo  gusenga yibagiwe kimwe mu byangombwa by’isengesho: Nko kuba yakwibagirwa kwicara ATAHIYATU ya mbere, icyo gihe ntategetswe kuyisubiramo, ahubwo yubama byo kwibagirwa mbere yo gusoza.

4. Iyo urimo gusenga akekeranyije ku mubare w’amaraka: Ese yaba yasaye eshatu cyangwa enye, icyo gihe afata umubare muto muri yo, agakora ibisigaye akubama byo kwibagirwa mbere yo gusoza. Igihe muri uko gukekeranya yagize hari ibyo yumva bifite ireme kurusha ibindi, ibyo bifite ireme nibyo agenderaho yarangiza akubama byo kwibagirwa (SIJ’DATU SAH’WI) nyuma agasoza. Igihe Imamu ahagurutse nyuma yo kurangiza iraka ya kabiri aticaye ATAHIYATU hagati y’izo raka, iyo yibutse mbere yo guhaguruka ngo yeme neza asubira inyuma akicara, iyo yahageze akema ntabwo agaruka ngo yicare, ahubwo yubama inshuro ebyiri zo kwibagirwa (SIJIDATU SAH’WI) mbere y’indamutso yo gusoza isengesho.

Icyitonderwa:

– Iyo avuze amagambo yemewe mu isengesho ariko akayavuga mu mwanya utari uwayo nko kuba yasoma imirongo ya Qor’ani igihe yubamye cyangwa yunamye cyangwa akavuga ATAHIYATU igihe ahagaze n’ibindi nkibyo icyo gihe ntabwo isengesho rye ryononekara, nta nubwo ategetswe kubama byo kwibagirwa uretse ko kubikora ari byiza (kubama byo kwibagirwa).

– Iyo MAAMUMA yasigaye inyuma agasigwa n’uyoboye isengesho (IMAMU) ku nkingi y’isengesho akajya kurindi, nko kuba yatinda yunamye igihe Imamu yunamutse akajya kubama, icyo gihe MAAMUMA akora iyo nkingi yarangiza agakurikira Imamu. Amagambo avugwa mu kubama byo kwibagirwa ni kimwe n’avugwa mu kubama gusanzwe mu isengesho.

– Iyo usenga asoje isengesho yibagiwe atarangije isengesho neza akibuka akirangiza ko atarangije isengesho neza, akora ibyo yibagiwe yarangiza akubama kubera kwibagirwa.

– Igihe yibagiwe kubama byo kwibagirwa, yarangiza agakora ibinyuranye n’isengesho byaba mu magambo cyangwa se ibindi icyo gihe arubama byo kwibagirwa yarangiza akabona gusoza. Usengeshwa mu isengesho yubama akurikije Imamu.

– Iyo Usengeshwa hari ibyo yasanze byamunyuzeho nyuma Imamu akubama byo kwibagirwa; iyo uko kwibagirwa byabaye mubyo Usengeshwa yarimo, icyo gihe akurikira Imamu, naho iyo ibyo yibagiwe byari mubyo yasanze bakoze, icyo gihe ntabwo ari ngombwa ko yubama byo kwibagirwa hamwe na Imamu.

ISENGESHO RY’IMBAGA (JAMAAT):

Isengesho ry’imbaga: Ni igikorwa cy’ingenzi gifite agaciro mu idini ya Islamu, igereranywa n’imirongo y’abamalaika mu kugandukira Imana kwabo, bigasa nk’ingabo igihe ziri ku rugamba zishyirwa mu birindiro byazo n’umugaba w’urugamba zimwumvira muri byose, ikaba kandi ari igikorwa gituma abantu bakundana, bamenyana, bagirirana impuhwe n’urukundo hagati yabo kubera guhura gatanu ku munsi kandi begeranye ku mirongo mu musigiti. Bikerekana icyubahiro cyabo n’imbaraga ndetse no gushyira hamwe kwabo basenyera umugozi umwe. Imana yashyiriyeho abayislamu guhurira mu mbaga mu bihe bigenwe, muri byo twavuga nk’ibihe bya kumanywa ndetse n’umugoroba nk’amasengesho atanu ku munsi, hakaba ibiba rimwe mu cyumweru nk’isengesho ry’uwa gatanu (JUMUAT), hakabaho n’ibibaho kabiri mu mwaka nk’amasengesho y’ilaidi zombi, hakaba n’ibiba rimwe mu mwaka bihuza abayislamu baturutse mu bice byose by’isi aribyo imigenzo ya Hidjat, hakaba n’ibiba igihe habayeho ibihe bidasanzwe nk’ubwirakabiri bwaba ubuturuka ku zuba cyangwa se ku kwezi.

AGACIRO K’ISENGESHO RY’IMBAGA:

Isengesho  ry’imbaga: Ni itegeko kuri buri muyislamu w’igitsina gabo, ugeze ku gihe cyo kurebwa n’amategeko (watangiye kubarirwa ibikorwa bye), kandi adafite impamvu yamubuza yemewe nk’uburwayi n’izindi.

IBYIZA BY’ISENGESHO RY’IMBAGA:

1. Imvugo yaturutse kuri Abdillah mwene Omar Imana (ibishimire), yavuze ko Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yagize iti “Isengesho ry’imbaga rirusha iry’umuntu umwe inzego makumyabiri na zirindwi“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim 
2. Ibyiza ku muyislamu ni ugusengera isengesho rye mu imbaga mu musigiti w’aho ari, keretse iyo ashoboye kugera ku misigiti ya Makkat, Madinah cyangwa uw’i Yerusalemu (Baytul Maqdis), kuko isengessho rikorewe muri iyo misigiti rirusha agaciro irikorewe ahandi. 
3. Usengeye isengesho rimwe mu musigiti w’i Makkat abona ibihembo ibihumbi ijana (100.0000) Naho usengeye mu musigiti w’Intumwa y’Imana uri i Madina we akabona ibihembo igihumbi (1000), naho usaliye mu musigiti w’i Yerusalem (Baytul Maqdis), abona ibihembo byikubye inshuro magana atanu (500) by’isengesho rikorewe ahandi. 
4. Biremewe gusengera isengesho ry’imbaga mu musigiti wakorewemo irindi Sengesho ry’imbaga, ku bakererewe.

IBIREBANA N’ABAGORE GUSARIRA KU MUSIGITI: 

Biremewe ko abagore basari amasengesho y’imbaga mu misigiti bitandukanyije n’abagabo, bagashyira ipaziya hagati yabo cyangwa ikindi kintu cyabatandukanya. Imvugo yakiriwe na Abdillahi mwene Umari (Imana ibishimire), yaravuze ati “Intumwa y’Imana (Imana iyihe amahoro n’imigisha) yaragize iti: “Igihe abagore banyu bazabasaba uruhushya rwo kujya gusali mu misigiti nijoro, mujye mubemerera“. Yakiriwe na Bukhar na Muslim

Icyitonderwa:

– Kwemererwa k’umugore kujya ku musigiti, ni ngombwa ko aba ari kumwe n’umuherekeje iyo umusigiti uri kure cyangwa ari mu ijoro, kandi uwo umuherekeje agomba kuba umwe mubaziririjwe kumurongora.

– Umubare muke w’imbaga ni abantu babiri (2), kandi uko umubare wabo ukomeza kwiyongera niko birushaho kuba byiza ku bijyanye n’isengesho  ryabo, kandi Nyagasani akanabyishimira kurushaho.

– Umuntu usaliye ku rugendo yarangiza akinjira mu musigiti abantu barimo gusali, nibyiza ko yakongera agasali hamwe nabo, iryo sengesho kuri we rikaba ari umugereka, kimwe kandi n’iyo umuntu yasaliye mu musigiti na Imamu mu isengesho ry’imbaga, yarangiza agasanga mu wundi musigiti barimo gusali iryo sengesho mu mbaga, nawe yifatanya nabo bikaba ari umugereka kuri we.

– Iyo Isengesho ry’itegeko ritangiye, nta rindi sengesho umuntu yemerewe gusenga, ahubwo agomba guhita yifatanya n’abandi mu iry’itegeko, naho iyo isengesho ry’itegeko ritangiye urimo gusali iy’umugereka, araryihutisha, agahita yinjira mu iry’itegeko kugira ngo adacikwa na TAKBIRAT ya mbere.

– Umuntu waretse gusenga isengesho ry’imbaga mu musigiti kubera impamvu zemewe, nk’uburwayi cyangwa se ubwoba bwo kuba yagirirwa nabi mu nzira, n’izindi mpamvu zemewe mu idini, uwo muntu yandikirwa ibihembo by’isengesho ry’imbaga.

– Umuntu waretse isengesho ry’imbaga ku bushake nta mpamvu zemewe, agasenga wenyine, isengesho rye riremerwa, ariko agahomba ibyiza bihambaye, kandi akanabona icyaha kuko atubahirije itegeko ry’Imana ryo gusengera mu mbaga.

AMATEGEKO AREBANA NO KUYOBORA ISENGESHO:

Kuyobora isengesho bifite ibyiza bihambaye, No kubw’agaciro kabyo, Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana iyihe amahoro n’imigisha) yarabikoze, kandi binakorwa n’abagiye bayisimbura ku buyobozi bw’abayislamu (Imana ibishimire). Imamu uyoboye isengesho, afite inshingano zihambaye niwe ubazwa amasengesho y’abo ayoboye, akabona ibyiza byinshi igihe yayatunganyije, akanahabwa ibihembo bingana n’iby’abamukurikiye mu Isengesho.

IBIREBANA NO GUKURIKIRA IMAMU:

Ni ngombwa k’uyobowe mu isengesho (MA’AMUMA) ko akurikira umuyoboye (IMAMU) mu isengeshoye ryose, nk’uko bivugwa n’Intumwa y’Imana (Imana iyihe amahoro n’imigisha) aho igira iti “Mu kuri Imamu yashyiriweho kugira ngo akurikirwe, naramuka avuze ALLAHU AK’BARU namwe mujye mubivuga, niyunama namwe mwuname, niyunamuka avuga “SAMI’ALLAHU LIMAN HAMIDAH”, namwe mwunamuke muvuga “ALLAHUMA RABANA WA LAKAL HAMDU” (Nyagasani ugusingizwa ni ukwawe)…“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim.

UKWIYE KUYOBORA ISENGESHO:

Ukwiye kuyobora abandi mu isengesho ni ubarusha gusoma Qor’ani neza, gufata ibice byinshi mu mutwe, azi n’amategeko arebana n’isengesho. Ibi iyo bose babinganya, bayoborwa n’ubarusha kumenya imigenzo y’Intumwa y’Imana (Hadith), iyo nabyo babinganya bayoborwa n’uwabatanze kuba umuyislamu, nabyo iyo babinganya, bayoborwa n’ubarusha ubukuru mu myaka, ibi byose iyo babinganya, hakorwa tombola.

Icyitonderwa:

– Ibi byose, bikorwa ku musigiti udafite Imamu uhoraho. Naho igihe umusigiti ufite Imamu; icyo gihe niwe uba ufite uburenganzira mbere y’abandi.

Nk’uko bigaragara mu mvugo ya ABI MAS’UDI AL AN’SWAR (Imana imwishimire) aho yavuze ati  “Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze iti “Uzayobora abantu mu isengesho, azabe ari ubarusha gusoma igitabo cy’Imana (Qor’ani), nibaramuka banganya gusoma, bayoborwe n’ubarusha kumenya imigenzo y’Intumwa (Sunat), nibaramuka banganya kumenya imigenzo y’Intumwa, bazayoborwe n’uwababanjirije kwimuka (Hijirat), niba barimukiye rimwe, bajye bayoborwa n’uwabatanze kuba umuyislamu“. Yakiriwe na Muslim

– Nyir’urugo, mu rugo rwe, na Imamu mu musigiti ayobora, nibo bafite uburenganzira bwo kuyobora isengesho. Keretse uwo babihera uburenganzira.

– Ni ngombwa ko Imamu aba ari inyangamugayo, ariko igihe nta wundi uhari uretse umwangizi (uwigometse ku mategeko y’Imana, kubera ibyaha bikomeye akora), uwo biremewe ko bamujya inyuma mu isengesho akabayobora.

– Ntabwo byemewe gusalira inyuma y’umuntu (Imamu) isengesho rye ritemerwa, nko kuba uwo Imamu adafite isuku cyangwa se indi mpamvu, keretse uyobowe mu isengesho atabizi; icyo gihe isengesho rye riremerwa, naho Imamu ategetswe kurisubiramo kuko atari yujuje ibyangombwa by’isengesho.

– Ni ikizira gutanga Imamu ukora ibyo atarakora mu isengesho. Ubikoze abizi kandi abyibuka, isengesho rye rirangirika. Naho gutinda kumukurikira bitewe n’impamvu nko kwibagirwa, kurangara cyangwa ntiyumve Imamu kuko ari kure ye, Imamu akamusiga, icyo gihe ahita akora ibyo bamutanze gukora vuba vuba agakurikira Imamu, kandi ntacyo biba bitwaye.

KUGENDANA NA IMAMU MU ISENGESHO BIFITE UBURYO BUNE:

• Kubanziriza Imamu: Ni igihe uyobowe mu isengesho (MA’AMUMA) atanze uriyoboye (IMAMU) kugera kuri kimwe mu bice bigize isengesho, nko kumutanga kunama (RUKUU) no kunamuka, cyangwa kubama (SIDJIDAT) n’ibindi. Icyo gikorwa ntabwo cyemewe, uramutse abikoze agomba gusubira inyuma akabikora nyuma ya Imamu, iyo atabikoze isengesho rye rirangirika. 
• Kujyanirana na Imamu: Ni igihe uyobowe mu isengesho (MA’AMUMA) akoreye rimwe n’uriyoboye (IMAMU) kimwe mu ibice by’isengesho, nko kuvugira rimwe “TAK’BIRAT”, kunamira rimwe, kubama cyangwa mu gihe cyo gusoza (ASALAM) n’ahandi. Ibi nabyo ntibyemewe, ariko ntibyangiza isengesho, keretse igihe bakoreye rimwe “TAK’BIRA” ya mbere itangira isengesho, byo bituma isengesho rye ritemerwa. 
• Gukurikira Imamu: Ni igihe ibikorwa by’uyobowe (MA’AMUMA) mu iswala bigiye bikurikira ibikorwa by’uyoboye (IMAMU). Ibi akaba aribyo bitegetswe mu isengesho k’uyobowe (MA’AMUMA) kuko ari ugukurikira no kubahiriza itegeko ry’Umuremyi (ALLAH). 
• Gutinda: Ni igihe uyobowe (MA’AMUMA) atinze ku gice mu bice bigize isengesho kugeza ubwo uyoboye (IMAMU) agiriye ku kindi. Ibi nabyo ntibyemewe kuko harimo kudakurikira no kutubahiriza ibisabwa.Igihe umuntu asanze Imamu arangije isengesho, agomba kwifatanya n’abandi baje nyuma, bagakora isengesho ry’imbaga, ariko iryo sengesho ryabo ntabwo ringanya agaciro n’iryayibanjirije. Usanze Imamu asigaje i RAKA imwe, icyo gihe abarirwa ko yakoranye nabo isengesho ry’imbaga yose, kandi usanze Imamu yunamye (RUKUU) bakajyana, icyo gihe abarirwa iyo RAKA amusanzemo, abanza kuvuga ALLAHU AK’BARU ya mbere (TAK’BIRATUL IH’RAMU) ahagaze, yarangiza agakora TAK’BIRA yo kunama (RUKUU) igihe bishobotse, iyo abonye ko bitamushobokera, agambirira (Niyat) kuvuga takbirat imwe mu mwanya wazo zombi. Umuntu winjiye agasanga Imamu ahagaze cyangwa yunamye (RUKUU) cyangwa yubamye (SIDJIDAT), amukurikira aho ari, kandi agahemberwa ibyo akoze bijyanye n’aho amusanze. Ariko ntabarirwa i RAKA keretse asanze atarunamuka (kuva RUKUU). Gukorana na Imamu TAK’BIRATUL IH’RAMU biba igihe cyose Imamu aba ataratangira gusoma SURAT AL FATIHAT (AL HAM’DU)Ni byiza ko Imamu yorohereza abo ayoboye mu isengesho, ntatinde cyane kuko hashobora kuba harimo abanyantege nke, abarwayi, abasaza n’abandi bafite ibibazo binyuranye, ariko igihe ari wenyine, ashobora gutinda uko ashaka. Ukoroshya bisabwa kuri Imamu mu isengesho, ni ugutunganya isengesho neza rikabamo ibyangombwa byose bisabwa mu isengesho nta gihungabanye, nk’uko byakozwe n’Intumwa y’Imana (Imana iyihe amahoro n’imigisha) n’abasangirangendo bayo, ntabwo ari ibijyanye n’irari ry’abayobowe mu isengesho, kugira ngo isengesho rirangire vuba, ahubwo rigomba kuba ryuzuye. Ni byiza ko abayobowe mu isengesho (MA’AMUMA) bahagarara inyuma ya Imamu; igihe uyobowe ari umwe ajya ku ruhande rw’iburyo, naho ku gitsina gore, uyoboye isengesho muri bo ajya hagati mu murongo wabo, ntabwo bamujya inyuma nk’abagabo. Biremewe ko ba MA’AMUMA bajya ku ruhande rw’iburyo rwa Imamu cyangwa bakajya iruhande rwe bamwegereye igihe bibaye ngombwa nko kuba aho basalira ari hato, ariko ntibemerewe kumujya imbere cyangwa se ku ruhande rw’ibumoso gusa, keretse ari amaburakindi. Imiterere y’imirongo inyuma ya Imamu, abaza inyuma ya Imamu ku murongo wa mbere n’iyikurikiye, ni abagabo abakuru n’abato igihe ari benshi, hanyuma Imirongo y’abagore ikaza inyuma y’imirongo y’abagabo, kandi ibigomba gukorwa ku mirongo y’abagore ni kimwe n’imirongo y’abagabo; aribyo kubanza kuzuza imirongo ya mbere ukurikizaho iyikurikiye ukirinda kugira umwanya usiga hagati y’abantu bari ku murongo umwe, kandi imirongo ikaba igororotse. Igihe abagore bakoze isengesho ry’imbaga bonyine, umurongo mwiza wabo ni uw’imbere, naho umubi ukaba uw’inyuma y’indi nko ku bagabo, naho igihe bari kumwe n’abagabo, umurongo mwiza w’abagore ni uw’inyuma umubi ukaba uw’imbere. Ntabwo byemewe ku bagore gukora imirongo yabo imbere y’iy’abagabo, ntibinanemewe ku bagabo gukora imirongo inyuma y’iy’abagore, keretse ari amaburakindi nk’umubyigano n’izindi mpamvu. Igihe umugore ahagaze mu murongo w’abagabo kubera kubura uko abigenza mu gihe hari umubyigano cyangwa se akabura aho asalira, agasalira hagati y’umurongo w’abagabo, ntabwo byangiza iswala ye ndetse n’isengesho ry’abasaliye inyuma ye. Biturutse kuri ABU HURAY’RAT (Imana imwishimire) yaravuze ati: Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze iti “Imirongo myiza ku bagabo ni iy’imbere, naho imibi kuri bo ni iy’inyuma, n’imirongo myiza ku bagore ni iy’inyuma, naho imibi kuri bo ni iy’imbere”. Yakiriwe na Muslim. Uburyo bwo gutunganya imirongo Ni byiza ko Imamu mbere yo gutangiza isengesho ahindukira akareba abo ayoboye, akababwira bimwe muri ibi bikurikira nk’uko byakozwe n’Intumwa y’Imana: “Mwuzuze imirongo yanyu kandi muyitunganye”. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy. Cyangwa akavuga ati: “Mutunganye imirongo yanyu kubera ko gutunganya imirongo biri mu bituma iswala yanyu itungana”. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim. Ningombwa gutunganya imirongo barebeye ku ntugu za buri wese ndetse n’utubumbankore, kandi bakaziba imyanya isigara hagati y’umuntu n’undi, bakuzuza imirongo bahereye kuwa mbere bagakomeza. Umuntu wese isengesho ye yemerwa, biremewe ko yaba Imamu kabone n’iyo yaba adashoboye guhagarara cyangwa se kunama n’ibindi. Ntibyemewe ko umugore ayobora abagabo mu isengesho, ariko yemerewe kuyobora abagore bagenzi be. Biremewe gukurikira Imamu mu iswala y’umugereka wowe usali iy’itegeko, kimwe n’uko usali Alasri yakurikirwa n’usali Adhuhri. Biremewe ko umuntu yasari isengesho ya AL ISHAI, nyuma ya Imamu umuyoboye urimo asali isengesho rya AL MAGH’RIB we yagambiriye AL ISHAI, iyo ashatse barangije i RAKA ya gatatu aricara ATAHIYATU agasoza isengesho rye cyangwa yashaka agakomeza akicara agategereza Imamu, akabanza agasari i RAKA ya kane ubundi bagasozereza rimwe kandi ibi nibyo byiza. Iyo banyuranyije cyane mu bikorwa, ntabwo icyo gihe akurikira Imamu, kuko amasengesho yanyu aba adakorwa kimwe, nk’iyo Imamu asali isengesho ry’ubwirakabiri uri inyuma ye asari isengesho rya AL FAJIRI. Mu isengesho Imamu asoma ijwi rikumvikana, igihe MA’AMUMA atarimo yumva igisomo cya Imamu, nko kuba ari kure ye, iyo arangije gusoma SURAT AL FATIHAT arakomeza agasoma indi SURAT ntabwo aceceka kuko aba atumva igisomo cya Imamu. Igihe Imamu agize imwe mu mpamvu zituma isuku ye yo gutawadha yangirika igihe ayoboye isengesho, icyo gihe ahita ahagarika isengesho rye agasimburwa n’umuri inyuma. Iyo hatagize umusimbura, buri wese akomeza isengesho ku giti cye ntacyo bitwaye. Abakwiye kujya ku murongo wa mbere , abakwiye kujya ku murongo wa mbere no hafi ya Imamu, ni abantu bafite ubumenyi b’inararibonye mu idini, abo nibo bamusimbura bibaye ngombwa, ariko nabo bagomba kuza kare kugira ngo badasanga hari ababatanze iyo myanya. Mu mvugo yakiriwe na ABI MAS’UDI (Imana imwishimire) yaragize ati: Intumwa y’Imana (Imana iyihe amahoro n’imigisha) yajyaga idufata ku ntugu yarangiza akavuga iti “Mutunganye imirongo, ntimutatane imitima yanyu igatandukana, kandi inyuma yanjye hajye abafite ubumenyi b’inararibonye, nyuma mugende mukurikirana mushingiye uko murutana mu bumenyi”. Yakiriwe na Muslim.                                                                                                                                                                          UBURYO UYOBOWE MU ISENGESHO (MA’AMUMA) YISHYURA IRAKA ZAMUCIYE HO: Umuntu wasanze Imamu asigaje IRAKA imwe ku isengesho rya ADHUHURI cyangwa AL ASWIRI cyangwa AL ISHAI, nyuma y’ugusoza kwa Imamu, ategetswe gusali i RAKA eshatu zamunyuzeho, akora i RAKA imwe agasoma mo SURAT AL FATIHAT n’indi SURAT ubundi akicara ATAHIYATU ya mbere, nyuma agasali i RAKA ebyiri agasoma SURAT AL FATIHAT yonyine, ubundi akicara ATAHIYATU ya nyuma, agasoza iyo RAKA yasanze Imamu agezeho, kuri we iba ibaye iya mbere. Igihe MA’AMUMA asanze Imamu ku RAKA ya nyuma ku isengesho rya AL MAGH’RIB, iyo Imamu arangije arahaguruka agakora i RAKA agasomamo AL FATIHAT n’indi SURAT akicara ATAHIYAT ya mbere yarangiza agakora indi RAKA asomamo SURAT AL FATIHAT yonyine akicara ATAHIYATU ya kabiri akabona gusoza. Usanze Imamu ku i RAKA ya nyuma ku isengesho rya AL FADJ’RI cyangwa isengesho ry’i JUMA, iyo Imamu asoje arahaguruka agakora i RAKA ya kabiri agasomamo SURAT AL FATIHAT n’indi SURAT akabona gusoza. Igihe hagize uwinjira Imamu ari kuri ATAHIYATU ya nyuma, arabanza agatangiza isengesho akora Takbirat ya mbere, akamukurikira aho ageze ku yindi Takbirat, yarangiza akaza kuzuza iswala ye igihe Imamu arangije hakurikijwe iraka zamunyuzeho. Ntabwo isengesho ry’umuntu uhagaze wenyine inyuma y’imirongo y’abandi ryemerwa, keretse igihe yabuze aho ajya muri iyo mirongo agasigara wenyine, kandi ntagomba kugira uwo avana mu murongo kugira ngo bahagararane. Isengesho ry’umugore uhagaze wenyine inyuma y’imirongo y’abagabo riremerwa igihe ari isengesho ry’imbaga ku bagabo n’abagore, naho igihe ari abagore bonyine nawe aba arebwa n’ibireba abagabo twavuze haruguru (Ntiyemerewe gusalira inyuma y’abandi keretse yabuze aho ajya mu mirongo). Biremewe ko Isengesho ry’umugereka yaba iyo ku manywa cyangwa nijoro rimwe na rimwe uyikorera mu rugo. Ni byiza ko igihe umuntu asanze mugenzi we asali wenyine mu isengesho ry’itegeko, yifatanya nawe kabone n’ubwo we yaba yarangije gusali. Biturutse ku musangirangendo w’Intumwa y’Imana witwa ABI SAIDI AL KHUDURI (Imana imwishimire) yavuze ko Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yabonye umugabo ariho asali wenyine aravuga ati “Ese ntawatera inkunga mugenzi we akifatanya nawe mu Iswala?”. Yakiriwe na Tir’midhiy. Ni byiza ko MA’AMUMA atasohoka mbere ya Imamu we, ariko Imamu nyuma yo gusoza isengesho asabwa kudatinda mu musigiti, keretse igihe bakoreye iswala hamwe n’abagore, akarindira ngo babanze basohoke, ariko ubundi niwe ugomba gusohoka mbere. Biremewe ko MA’AMUMA yakurikira Imamu mu musigiti n’ubwo yaba atamureba nta narebe abari inyuma ya Imamu igihe yumva Takbirat ariko imirongo y’abasali ikaba igera aho ari. Biremewe ko Imamu ahagararana n’abandi ku murongo umwe iyo aho gusalira habaye hato.Biremewe ko uyobowe mu iswala yitandukanya na Imamu igihe atinda birengeje urugero cyangwa se yihuta cyane, cyangwa MA’MUMA akagira ikibazo kimuvana mu isengesho nko gusura cyangwa se gushaka kwihagarika yumva ko atabyihanganira, icyo gihe yitandukanya na Imamu agatangira isengesho rye wenyine. Imamu avuga mu ijwi riranguruye kandi ryumvikana igihe aba avuga TAK’BIRAT n’igihe avuga SAMI’A LLAHU LIMAN HAMIDAH n’igihe avuga ASALAM yo gusoza iswala. Umuntu ugaragira ibitari Imana cyangwa agasaba akaniringira ibitari Imana, cyangwa se atambira ibindi bitari Imana, haba kumva z’abapfuye cyangwa se ahandi hantu, cyangwa asaba abapfuye, ntabwo byemewe kumujya inyuma mu isengesho (Kuba yakuyobora mu isengesho), kuko aba ari umuhakanyi, kandi umuhakanyi isengesho rye ntiyemerwa. Guhana amaboko basuhuzanya bikorwa nyuma y’isengesho iburyo n’ibumoso, bigasa nk’aho ari ngombwa ku bamaze gusali amasengesho y’itegeko, byo ni ibihimbano mu idini, kandi gusoma i DUA bavuga cyane Imamu n’abo ayoboye mu isengesho z’itegeko eshanu (5) nabyo ntibyemewe kuko ari ibihimbano.                                                                                                                                                          IMPAMVU ZEMEWE ZATUMA UTITABIRA ISENGESHO RY’IJUMA N’IRY’IMBAGA: Ni izi zikurikira:  
• Kuba afite uburwayi butamushoboza kuyitabira.                                                                                      
• Kuba nta mutekano mu nzira anyuramo.                                                                                                      
• Imvura cyangwa ibyondo byinshi.                                                                                                               
• Umuyaga mwinshi cyane wagirira nabi abantu mu bihugu bikunze kugaragaramo uwo muyaga. 
• Kuba umuntu ari ku rugendo rudatuma ahagarara kandi ataragera iyo ajya.                                      
• Abari mu mirimo y’ubutabazi nk’abaganga, abashinzwe umutekano, abazimya inkongi y’umuriro n’abandi bose bafite imirimo nk’iyo, abo bose bemerewe gusalira aho bari, kandi bakemererwa gukora isengesho rya ADHUHURI mu mwanya w’isengesho rya IJUMA bitewe n’impamvu muzavuzwe haruguru.

– Kirazira kureka isengesho ry’imbaga ku mpamvu izo arizo zose zitemewe n’amategeko, nko gukina amakarita, igisoro, kureba imipira, filime n’ibindi byose birangaza, ntibyemerwa kuba impamvu zatuma udasali isengesho ry’imbaga cyangwa IJUMA.

– Igihe Imamu ayoboye isengesho adafite isuku ariko atabyibuka agakomeza kugeza arangije, isengesho ryabo bose hamwe na Imamu riremerwa, naho igihe abyibutse hagati mu isengesho, iyo ari umwanda uri ku kintu yambaye nk’isogisi cyangwa asaliraho ashoboye kucyikiza, akivanaho agakomeza isengesho, naho igihe ibyo bidashobotse areka isengesho agasohoka, akunganirwa n’umwe mu bamuri inyuma.

– Iyo umuntu yasuye abantu siwe ubayobora mu isengesho, ahubwo uwo yasuye niwe uyobora isengesho, keretse abimuhereye uburenganzira.

– Umurongo w’imbere niwo mwiza ku bari mu isengesho, kandi uruhande rw’iburyo nirwo rwiza kuri uwo murongo kuruta uruhande rw’ibumoso, Imana iha imigisha abari ku murongo wa mbere n’ABAMALAIKA bakabasabira.

– Intumwa y’Imana nayo yasabiye abari ku murongo wa mbere inshuro eshatu, isabira abari kumurongo wa kabiri inshuro imwe.

GUTINDA MU ISENGESHO CYANGWA KURYIHUTISHA:

Ni byiza ko Imamu igihe yasomye igisomo kirekire, anatinda no kuzindi nkingi z’isengesho nk’uko yabigenje mu gisomo, igihe kandi yagabanyije mu gisomo (ntatinde asoma) agomba no kudatinda ku zindi nkingi. Mu mvugo yakiriwe na BARAA BUN AZIB (Imana imwishimire) yaragize ati “Nakoze isengesho hamwe na Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha), nsanga igihagararo cye (mu isengesho) n’i RAKA ye, no guhagarara nyuma yo kunamuka kwe, no kubama kwe, no kwicara hagati y’ukubama kubiri, no kubama kwa kabiri kwe, hamwe no kwicara hagati yo gusoza isengesho no gusohoka mu musigiti byose, bisa nk’aho bingana”. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim.

Bivuga ko iyo habayeho gutinda mu gisomo, n’ahandi kuzindi nkingi utagomba kwihuta cyane, ndetse n’iyo utatinze mu gusoma, ntugomba gutinda ku bindi bice by’isengesho.                                                   

ISENGESHO KUBAFITE IBIBAZO:

Abafite ibibazo, ni abarwayi, abari k’urugendo, abadafite umutekano batabasha gusali nk’uko bisanzwe ku bandi bose; abo bose kubw’impuhwe z’Imana, yaraborohereje ntiyabaveba kandi ntiyabima gukorera ibyiza, ibategeka gusali uko bashoboye nk’uko bikurikira:

ISENGESHO RY’UMURWAYI:

Urwaye, ategetswe gusali ahagaze igihe abishoboye, iyo atabishoboye asali yicaye, atabishobora agasali aryamiye urubavu rwe rw’iburyo, atabishobora akaryamira urubavu rw’ibumoso, atabishobora akaryama agaramye ibirenge bye byerekeye Qiblat, agakoresha umutwe awerekeza ku gituza cye bigendanye n’igice agezemo, nta narimwe yemerewe kureka isengesho mu gihe cyose agifite ubwenge buzima. Nk’uko Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yasubije umusangirangendo wari urwaye igira iti “Uzasali uhagaze, nutabishobora uzasali wicaye, nutabishobora uzasali uryamiye urubavu“.

– Urwaye ategetswe kwisukura akoresheje amazi, iyo atabishoboye yisukuza igitaka (Tayamamu), ibi byose iyo adashoboye kubyikorera abikorerwa n’undi, n’iyo atabishoboye ntabone n’ubimukorera, asali uko ari. – Urwaye iyo atangiye isengesho yicaye, nyuma akabasha guhagarara, ahita akomeza ku buryo ashoboye. – Umurwayi yemerewe gusali agaramye igihe abigiriwemo inama na muganga, n’ubwo yaba ashoboye guhagarara. – Iyo umurwayi ashoboye guhagarara ntabashe kunama (Rukuu) no kubama (Sijida) abikora yubika umutwe. – Udashoboye kunama no kubama hasi, yunama akanubama yicaye, kubama kwe bigaca bugufi cyane k’ukunama kwe n’amaboko ye akayashyira ku mavi ye, kandi ntiyemerewe kwiyegereza ikintu ngo acyubameho nk’umusego n’ibindi. – Umurwayi nawe ategetswe kwerekera Qiblat mu isengesho, atabishobora akerekera aho bishoboka. – Iyo bigoye urwaye gukora buri swala ku gihe cyayo, yemererwa guhuriza hamwe isengesho rya ADHUHURI na AL ASWIRI akanahuza AL MAGH’RIB na AL ISHAI. – Ibigoye mu isengesho ni ibituma kwibombarika bibura, kandi kwibombarika ni ugushyira umutima mu isengesho no gutuza. – Umurwayi ushobora kujya ku musigiti, ategetswe gusali isengesho  ry’imbaga (Djamaat).

IBIHEMBO BYANDIKIRWA UMURWAYI N’URI K’URUGENDO:

Imana yandikira umurwayi ibihembo bingana n’ibyo yandikirwaga ku bikorwa byiza yakoraga atari yarwara, n’uri ku rugendo yandikirwa ibihembo by’ibyiza yakoraga atari ku rugendo, kandi umurwayi ababarirwa ibyaha bye. Imvugo ya ABI MUSA (Imana imwishimire) yaravuze ati “Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze iti “Iyo umugaragu w’Imana arwaye cyangwa iyo agiye ku rugendo, yandikirwa nk’ibyo yakoraga ari muzima atari no k’urugendo“.

ISENGENGESHO RY’URI KU RUGENDO:

Urugendo ni ukuva aho utuye ujya ahandi. Mu byiza by’ubuyislamu, harimo korohereza uri ku rugendo kugabanya iraka z’iswala no guhuza Iswala ebyiri, kubera ko akenshi rubamo inzitane, kandi ubuyislamu ari idini y’impuhwe no korohereza abantu. Igihe kimwe Omari Bin Khatwab yabajije Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) ati “Yewe Ntumwa y’Imana, ko Imana yemerera kugabanya iraka z’isengesho mu gihe cy’ubwoba, none abantu bakaba batekanye, ubwo biracyemewe ko bagabanya? Intumwa iramusubiza iti “Iyo ni impano Imana yabahaye muzayakire“.

GUHINA NO GUHUZA AMASENGESHO:

Guhina ni ugabanya iraka k’umuntu uri ku rugendo ni Sunnat ikomeye mu gihe cy’amahoro cyangwa cy’ubwoba. Ubikora ahina agabanya ku isengesho zifite iraka enye (Adhuhuri, Al Aswiri na Al Ishai), agasari iraka ebyiri kandi ibyo ntibyemewe usibye k’urugendo gusa, naho isengesho rya Maghrib na Subuh ntibijya bigabanywa na rimwe. Guhuza amasengesho ebyiri ku gihe kimwe ni byiza iyo hariho impamvu nk’urugendo. Iyo umuyislamu akoze urugendo agenda n’amaguru, cyangwa n’ikigenderwaho imusozi cyangwa mu mazi cyangwa mu kirere, ni byiza (Sunnat) ko ahina isengesho ry’iraka enye agasenga iraka ebyiri gusa, ni byiza ko kandi ahuza amasengesho abiri mu gihe cy’imwe kugeza asoje urugendo rwe. Imvugo yaturutse kuri AISHA (Imana imwishimire) yaravuze, ati “Amasengesho ategekwa bwa mbere yari raka ebyiri, zagumyeho k’uri k’urugendo, zongerwaho izindi ebyiri k’utuye”.

– Urugendo rwemerera umuntu guhuza amasengesho abiri no kugabanya iraka zayo, ni urwitwa urugendo mu byo abantu bamenyereye, urwo nirwo rugendo ruba rugamijwe ku mategeko yose ajyanye n’abari ku rugendo nko guhuza amasengesho abiri, kugabanya iraka zayo, kurya ku manywa mu gisibo n’ibindi. Ibyo bitangira iyo uri ku rugendo atandukanye n’aho atuye arenze akarere ke atuyemo.

– Igihe cyose uri ku rugendo atiyemeje gutura cyangwa kuguma aho ari afatwa nk’uri k’urugendo akarebwa n’amategeko y’urugendo kugeza asubiye aho atuye. Ni byiza ko uri k’urugendo yagabanya iraka z’amasengesho, kandi iyo azujuje amasengesho ye aremerwa.

– Iyo isengesho riyobowe n’utuye, uri ku rugendo umusaliye inyuma aruzuza agasali iraka enye.

– Naho iyo uri ku rugendo ayoboye iswala, arahina abatuye ayoboye mu isengesho bakuzuza iraka enye zigize isengesho nyuma y’uko atanze salamu yo gusoza.

– Ni byiza ko uri ku rugendo iyo ariwe wayoboye isengesho amenyesha abo ayoboye ko we ari bugabanye kugira ngo baze gukomeza buzuze iraka zose, nk’uko Intumwa y’Imana yabigenzaga.

KUREKA AMASENGESHO Y’IMIGEREKA IHORAHO K’URUGENDO:

– Ni byiza k’umuntu uri ku rugendo ureka TAHADJUDI, WITRI na Sunnat ya mbere ya AL FADJIRI. Naho amasengesho y’imigegeka asanzwe yo aremewe k’uri ku rugendo no k’utuye, n’amasengesho y’imigereka afite impamvu nko kwinjira mu musigiti, Dwuha n’izindi.

– Gusingiza Imana nyuma y’amasengesho y’itegeko ni umugenzo mwiza k’uri ku rugendo n’utaruriho ku bagabo n’abagore.

– Abahora mu ngendo batwara indege, imodoka, amato, gari ya moshi bakoresha uburenganzira bw’uri ku rugendo.

– Ni byiza ko uri ku rugendo iyo agarutse iwe, abanza kunyura ku musigiti, agasali iraka ebyiri mu rwego rwo kumenyesha ab’iwe ko yagarutse kuko si byiza kubatungura.

– Uwibagiwe isengesho ari aho atuye, akaza kuryibuka ari ku rugendo, arisali arigabanyije kuko ikirebwa ni igihe usenga arimo ntabwo ari igihe cy’isengesho yari yibagiwe, naho iyo binyuranye n’ibi wuzuza iraka zose enye.

– Uhuje amasengesho abiri ku gihe kimwe, atora ADHANA imwe kuri zose na IQAMA kuri buri sengesho, ubwo asali isengesho rya mbere, nyuma akongera agakora IQAMA agasali irya kabiri.

– Iyo abari ku rugendo barenze umwe basali DJAMAAT, ariko iyo ari mu gihe cy’imbeho cyangwa imvura n’imiyaga bikaze buri wese asalira aho ari.

– Iyo uri ku rugendo agize impamvu imubuza gukomeza urugendo rwe kandi atari agambiriye gutura aho cyangwa akahaguma kubera ibibazo ahafite ashaka kurangiza nta mugambi wo kuhatura afite, icyo gihe yemererwa kugabanya iraka z’amasengesho n’ubwo yahatinda.

– Iyo igihe cy’isengesho kigeze agatangira urugendo, yemerewe guhuza amasengesho abiri no kugabanya iraka zazo, naho iyo igihe cy’isengesho kigeze akiri mu rugendo maze akagaruka iwe atari yasali, uwo ategetswe kuzuza iraka z’amasengesho.

– Iyo uri ku rugendo ari mu ndege, akabura aho asalila mu buryo busanzwe bw’isengesho, asalila aho ari ahagaze yerekeye Qibla iyo bishoboka, akajya RUKUU uko abishoboye mu buryo bw’amarenga yubika umutwe, naho kubama iyo bitamushobokeye abikora uko bishoboka yaba yicaye ku ntebe n’ubundi buryo bumworoheye bitewe n’umwanya w’aho ari, iyo ibyo bidashobotse asali uko ashoboye keretse ari bugere aho agana igihe cy’isengesho kigihari, icyo gihe ararindira agasali ahageze.

– Ukoze urugendo rw’I Makka cyangwa ahandi agasalila inyuma ya Imamu yuzuzana nawe iraka zose, ariko iyo asanze Imamu yarangije isengesho, ibyiza kuri we ni ukugabaya iraka.

– Uri ku rugendo akanyura ahantu akahumva ADHANA cyangwa IQAMAT kandi atari yasali, iyo abishatse arahagarara akifatanya nabo isengesho ry’imbaga, cyangwa agakomeza urugendo rwe.

UBURYO BWO GUHUZA AMAENGESHO:

Ni byiza k’uri ku rugendo guhuza ADHUHURI na AL ASWIRI mu gihe kimwe, na MAGH’RIB na AL ISHAI mu gihe kimwe. Nk’uko tubisanga mu mvugo ya ABDILLAHI mwene ABAS (Imana ibishimire) igira iti “Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yajyaga ihuza ADHUHURI na AL ASWIRI iyo yabaga iri ku rugendo, ikanahuza MAGH’RIB na AL ISHAI“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy.       

No mu yindi mvugo yaturutse kuri ANASI mwene MALIKI (Imana imwishimire) yaravuze ati “Iyo Intumwa y’Imana (Imana iyihe amahoro n’imigisha) yajyaga mu rugendo mbere y’uko igihe cy’iswala ya ADHUHURI kigera, yarayikerezaga akayisali mu gihe cy’iswala ya AL ASRI maze akazihuriza hamwe, naho iyo igihe cya ADHUHURI cyageraga ataratangira urugendo, yasalaga ADHUHURI akabona gutangira urugendo“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim.

– Iyo umuntu atangiye urugendo mbere y’uko izuba rirenga, akageza MAGH’RIBI akayisali hamwe na AL ISHAI, naho iyo arukoze nyuma y’uko izuba rirenga, yihutisha ALISHAI akayisali hamwe na MAGH’RIBI.

– Ni byiza mu migenzo ya HIDJA guhuza ADHUHUR na AL ASRI no kugabanya iraka zazo, igihe bari ku musozi wa ARAFAT.

– Ni ngombwa ku bari ku rugendo gusali Ijamaa iyo biboroheye, iyo bidashobotse basali buri umwe ku giti cye mu buryo bashoboye bitewe n’aho bari, ariko ni byiza ko atora ADHANA na IQAMAT N’ubwo yaba ari umwe.

– Ni byiza gusali isengesho ry’mugereka k’uri k’urugendo ari ku kimutwaye, agatangiza TAK’BIRA yerekeye Qiblat iyo bishobotse, bitashoboka akareba aho ariho hose.

– Ni byiza gutangiza urugendo mu gitondo, bitashoboka kumanywa, no kudakora urugendo uri wenyine ahubwo ukagira uguherekeza, kandi iyo murenze batatu mwitoramo ubayobora mu rugendo.                     -Ni byiza gukora urugendo ari kuwa kane iyo bishoboka.

IMPAMVU ZEMERERA UMUNTU GUHUZA AMASENGESHO ATARI KU RUGENDO:

1. Umurwayi bigora gusali buri sengesho ku gihe cyayo, yemerewe guhuza ADHUHURI na ALASRI cyangwa MAGH’RIB na ALISHAI.
2. Abari mu isengesho ry’imbaga mu ijoro ririmo imvura, ibyondo imbeho n’imiyaga bikabije, bemerewe guhuza MAGHRIBI na ISHAI ku gihe cya Maghribi ariko bakuzuza iraka zisanzwe.
3. Uhorana amaraso yarenze ibihe bye by’imihango bisanzwe n’ufite uburwayi bwo gutonyanaga inkari zidakama, abo nabo bemerewe guhuza amasengesho abiri mu gihe kimwe mu rwego rwo kuborohereza.
4. Ufite ubwoba ku buzima bwe, ubw’ab’iwe n’umutungo we, nawe yemerewe guhuza amasengesho abiri ku gihe kimwe.

ISENGESHO RYO MU GIHE CY’UBWOBA:

Islamu ni idini y’impuhwe no korohereza abantu, kandi amasengesho y’itegeko kubw’akamaro n’agaciro afite ntabwo ajya arekwa na rimwe, niyo mpamvu iyo ari mu bihe by’ubwoba nk’igihe abayislamu bari mu mirongo y’urugamba, bagatinya ko batungurwa n’umwanzi, bemerewe gusali isengesho ryo mu gihe cy’ubwoba mu buryo bwihariye.

UKO ISENGESHO RYO MU GIHE CY’UBWOBA RIKORWA:

Igihe cy’ubwoba kigamijwe: Ni ibihe by’intambara. Isengesho ryo muri ibyo bihe rikorwa mu buryo bunyuranye kandi bwose buremewe kuko bwakozwe n’Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi, muri bwo twavuga: Nk’igihe umwanzi ari imbere yabo mu cyerekezo cya Qibla, icyo gihe basali muri ubu buryo:

Imamu atangiza isengesho, inyuma ye bagakora imirongo ibiri, bose hamwe bakavuga TAK’BIRA itangira isengesho, bakajya rukuu bakaneguka icyarimwe, maze abari ku murongo wa mbere inyuma ya Imamu bakubama (Sujudu) hamwe na Imamu, abandi bagasigara bahagaze, aba mbere bava Sujudu, Imamu agasigarayo ategereje abo ku wa kabiri bari basigaye bahagaze, abavuye Sujudu bamara kuzamuka bahagaze, babandi bo ku murongo wa kabiri nabo bakubama (Sujudu) bagasanga Imamu yicaye abategereje, bagahagurukira rimwe na Imamu, bagasanga abo kuwa mbere bagihagaze.

Maze bagafatanya igihagararo cy’iraka ya kabiri, bakunama bakanunamukira rimwe bose, maze Imamu akubama (Sujudu) hamwe n’abo ku murongo wa mbere, abo kuwa kabiri bakaba baretse kubama, maze abo bubamye hamwe na Imamu bagatora salamu yo gusoza ariko Imamu we ntasoza hamwe nabo, ahubwo ategereza abasigaye, maze abamaze gusoza isengesho bagahita bazamuka bakajya guhagarara mu birindiro, maze abasigaye bahagaze nabo bakubama bwa nyuma, bagasanga Imamu akibategereje, bagasoreza isengesho rimwe.

Kugirango iryo sengesho ryemerwe hasabwa ibintu bibri bikurikira: 1. Kuba urwo rugamba rwemewe n’amategeko y’idini. 2. Kuba abayislamu batinya gutungurwa n’igitero mu gihe bari gusali.

Gutegekwa isengesho no kurikora muri ubu buryo, bigaragaza uburemere bw’isengesho muri islamu kandi ko nta na rimwe byemewe kurireka kabone no mu bihe bikomeye nk’ibi.

ISENGESHO RYA IDJUMA (KUWA GATANU):

Imana yategetse abayislamu ibiterane binyuranye (Jamaaa) kubera gushimangira no kwimakaza ubumwe bwabo n’urukundo hagati yabo, nk’isengesho rya Ijuma (Kuwa gatanu), Ilayidi zombi, umutambagiro wa Hijat.

AGACIRO K’UMUNSI WA IJUMA:

Nk’uko tubisanga mu mvugo yaturutse kuri ABI HURAYIRAT (Imana imwishimire), yavuze ko Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yavuze iti  “Umunsi uruta indi, ni umunsi wa IJUMA, niwo munsi ADAMU yaremwe ho, ni nawo munsi yinjijwe mu ijuru, ni nawo munsi yarivanwemo, n’imperuka ntizaba atari ku Ijuma“. Yakiriwe na Muslim

AGACIRO K’ISENGESHO RYA IJUMA MURI ISLAM:

– Isengesho  ry’Ijuma: Ni iraka ebyiri, ritegetswe buri muyislamu, w’igitsina gabo ukuze, ufite ubwenge kandi utari mu rugendo.

– Isengesho ry’Ijuma: Ntiritegetswe umugore, umurwayi, umwana, n’uri ku rugendo, ariko barabyemerewe ndetse ntibyemewe kubabuza kujya gusali Ijuma igihe babishaka.

IGIHE CY’ISENGESHO RYA IJUMA:

– Igihe cy’isengesho ry’idjuma ni nk’igihe cy’isengesho rya Adhuhur. Ni byiza ko hagati ya Adhana zombi habamo akanya gafasha abaturuka kure n’ababa bitegura kugira ngo badakererwa.

– Ni ngombwa ko ikorwa mu gihe cyayo giteganyijwe kandi abayikora bakarenga batatu, ikabanzirizwa n’inyigisho zo kuri uwo munsi zitangwa mu byiciro bibiri (Khutubat ebyiri).

– Isengesho rya Idjumat risimbura Adhuhuri, ni ngombwa kurihozaho kuko uretse Idjumat eshatu nta mpamvu yemewe n’idini, Imana itera ikimenyetso cyo kwigomeka ku mutima we.

– Ni byiza kwiyuhagira no kuzinduka ugana idjumat.

– Igihe cyo kwiyuhagira ni uguhera mu gitondo kugeza mbere y’idjumat, ariko iyo bishobotse ibyiza ni ukubitinza ukiyuhagira ijuma yegereje.

IBYIZA BYO KWIYUHAGIRA NO KUGERA MU MUSIGITI KARE UJYA GUSARI IJUMA:

Kwiyuhagira no kuzinduka ku munsi wa IJUMA, bifite ibyiza byinshi, nk’uko tubisanga mu mvugo yaturutse kuri ABI HURAYRAT (Imana imwishimire) yavuze Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yavuze iti “Uziyuhagira ku munsi w’Ijuma nk’uko yiyuhagira ijanaba, hanyuma akajya ku musigiti ku isaha ya mbere, uwo yandikirwa ibihembo nk’ibyuwatanze ituro ry’ingamiya, n’uzagerayo ku isaha ya kabiri, uwo azandikirwa ibihembo nk’iby’uwatanze ituro ry’inka, naho uzahagera ku isaha ya gatatu azandikirwa ibihembo nk’iby’uwatanze ituro ry’intama, n’uzahagera ku isaha ya kane, azandikirwa ibihembo nk’iby’uwatanze ituro ry’inkoko, naho uzahagera ku isaha ya gatanu, azandikirwa ibihembo nk’iby’uwatanze ituro ry’igi, iyo Imamu ageze kuri Mimbari agiye gutanga inyigisho, abamalaika baraza bakazumva“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim

Icyitonderwa:

Amasaha atanu avugwa muri iyi mvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana, uyamenya mu buryo bwo gufata amasaha yose ari hagati y’ukurasa kw’izuba kugeza igihe Imamu yinjira mimbari, ukayagabanya gatanu, ibyo ubonye niyo ngano y’isaha imwe, ubwo bikagufasha kumenya isaha wagereye mu musigiti n’ibihembo wabona.

IGIHE CYIZA CYA KUJYA GUSENGA ISENGESHO RYA IJUMA:

Igihe cyiza, ni ukuva izuba rirashe, naho igihe cy’itegeko cyo kujya ku ijuma, ni igihe cya Adhana ya kabiri aribwo Imamu aba yinjiye kuri Mimbari.

– Ntibyemewe k’utegetswe ijuma, gutangira urugendo ku munsi w’ijuma nyuma ya Adhana ya kabiri, keretse ku maburakindi nko gutinya gusigwa n’imodoka, indege n’ibindi Ibyo bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Imana aho igira iti “Yemwe abemeye, igihe hahamagariwe iswala y’umunsi w’ijuma, mujye mwihutira kujya kwibuka Imana mureke , ibyo nibyo byiza kuri mwe niba mwari mubizi“. Qor’an 62:9.

– Ukoranye iraka imwe ya ijuma na Imamu, iyo imamu asoje isengesho, yuzuza isigaye akabarirwa idjumat.

– Usanze Imamu yavuye RUKUU yo ku iraka ya kabiri ya ijuma, aba yacitswe n’isengesho rya ijuma, bityo, agomba kugambirira ADHUHURI akamukurikira, Imamu yasoza, we agasali iraka enye.

– Ibyiza kuri Maamuma ni ukuzinduka bakahagera kare, Imamu akaza igihe cya khutubat.

Ni byiza ko Khutubat (inyigisho) zivugwa mu mutwe, bidashobotse hakifashishwa inyandiko.

– Ni byiza ko Khutubat y’ijuma (inyigisho) zitangirwa ahantu hegutse (Mimbari) ku nzego eshatu, hatabonetse MIMBALI imamu akishingikiriza inkoni.

– Ni byiza ko inyigisho ziba mu rurimi rw’icyarabu k’ukizi neza, agasobanurira abatarwumva bidashobotse, zitangwa mu rurimi rushoboka, ariko isengesho ryo igomba kuba mu cyarabu.

– Umugenzi iyo ashyikiye ahari Ijumat akumva adhana, agomba kuyitabira, anemerewe kuba yayisalisha akanigisha (Khutubat) iyo abishoboye akanabihererwa uburenganzira.

IBIRANGA UTANGA KHUTUBAT:

Kugira ngo inyigisho zumvikane neza, uzitanga agomba:

•  Kuzamura ijwi.
•  Kuvugana ubushake bwinshi ashishikaye.
•  Aburira abo yigisha.
•  Kwigisha ari kuri MIMBALI ifite ingazi eshatu. Iyo yinjiye yurira MIMBALI akerekera abaislamu akabaramutsa (ASALAM), akicara hagatorwa Adhana ya kabiri nyuma agatangira Khutubat ahagaze yifashishije inkoni iyo bikenewe cyangwa iyo nta MIMBALI ihari, nyuma akicara gato agatangira Khutubat ya kabiri ahagaze na none.

IMITERERE YA KHUTUBAT:

KHUTUBAT (Inyigisho ya Idjumat) itangizwa no gushimira Imana (ATAHMIDI), nkuko intumwa yayitangiraga cyangwa n’indi TAHMIDI, nyuma ukibutsa unakangurira abaislamu icyubahiro cy’Imana inyigisho za TAWUHID na IMANI, ibisingizo by’Imana, ukibutsa ingabire n’inema z’Imana n’ibindi byiza; ukanababurira ibihano by’abigomeka n’abatumvira Imana n’ibindi.

– Ni byiza (Sunnat) guhina Khutubat, isengesho ryo  rikaba rirerire.

– Ni byiza (Sunnat) ko utanga Khutuba asoma imwe mu mirongo ya Qor’ani muri Khutuba.

– Ni byiza ko ba Maamuma berekera utanga Khutubat igihe ageze muri MIMBARI kugira ngo babe kumwe nawe bibarinde kurangara no kuba basinzira muri Khutuba.

IMITERERE Y’ISENGESHO RYA IJUMA:

Isengesho ry’ijumat rigizwe n’iraka ebyiri; ni byiza gusoma mu iraka ya mbere SURAT AL DJUMAT, mu iraka ya kabiri SURAT AL MUNAFIQUNA cyangwa mu iraka ya mbere SURAT AL DJUMAT, mu iraka ya kabiri AL GHASHIYAT cyangwa mu iraka ya mbere SURAT AL AALA, mu iraka ya kabiri AL GHASHIYAT kandi n’iyo wasoma n’indi biremewe.

– Iyo umaze gusali iraka ebyiri ugasoza na Salamu.

– Imiterere y’iswala z’imigereka y’ijumat

– Ni byiza gusali nyuma y’idjumat mu rugo iraka ebyiri, rimwe na rimwe iraka enye buri ebyiri ugasoza na Salamu.

– Nta Sunnat yihariye mbere y’ijumat, usali izo ushatse zemewe.

Kuvuga, kuganira no gukina muri Khutubat, bigabanya ibihembo by’idjuma, ni n’icyaha k’ubikora, kandi ntibyemewe kuvuga keretse Imamu wenyine, cyangwa uvugishijwe na Imamu kubifite inyungu. Naho kwikiriza Salamu no gusabira uwitsamuye birabujijwe. Ikindi kandi mbere ya Khutubat na nyuma yayo biremewe kuvuga.

– Birabujijwe kurenga abantu ujya imbere igihe Imamu yatangiye Khutubat.

– Iyo winjiye, Imamu ari gutanga Khutubat usali raka ebyiri.

– Ni byiza kwiyuhagira ku ijumat, bikaba ngombwa (itegeko) iyo impumuro yo ku mubiri atari nziza nk’uko tubisanga mu mvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana (Imana iyihe amahoro n’imigisha) aho igira iti “Kwiyuhagira ku munsi w’ijumat ni ngombwa kuri buri wese udafite isuku“.

– Ni byiza nyuma yo kwiyuhagira kwisiga no kwihumuza, ukanambara imyiza mu myambaro yawe, ukajya ku musigiti kare, ukicara hafi ya Imamu, ugasari iraka ebyiri, ugasaba Imana cyane, ugasoma Qor’ani igihe Imam ataratangira khutuba.

– Imamu niwe uyobora Khutubat n’isengesho, ariko biremewe ko umwe yatanga Khutubat hakaba hasalisha undi kubera impamvu.

– Ni byiza (Sunat) gusoma SURAT AL KAHAF mu ijoro rishyira uwa gatanu n’amanywa yawo, uyisomye imubera urumuri hagati y’ijumat ebyiri.

– Ni byiza cyane kurushaho gusabira Intumwa y’Imana mu ijoro ry’ijumat n’amanywa wayo nk’uko tubisanga mu mvugo y’Intumwa y’ Imana (Imana iyihe amahoro n’imigisha) aho yagize iti “Uzansabira ku Mana inshuro imwe, Imana izabimuha inshuro icumi“. Yakiriwe na Muslim.

– Ni byiza gusabira Islam n’abayislamu ku Mana ko yabarinda, ikabatabara, ikabahuza bagashyira hamwe, n’ibindi Imamu akabikora atunze agatoki ke ka shahada atazamuye ibiganza bye.

IGIGE CYO KWAKIRIRWA K’UBUSABE BWO KU IJUMA:

Ni igihe gisoza umunsi w’ijumat nyuma ya AL ASWIRI; ni byiza gusingiza no gusaba Imana cyane muri ibyo bihe, kuko ubusabe bwakwakirwa.

Ukerewe idjumat asali iraka enye za Adhuhuri iyo afite impamvu nta cyaha, naho iyo adafite impamvu abona icyaha kuko atitabiriye idjumat ku bushake.

Iyo Ilayidi yahuye n’ijuma uwasaye Ilayidi ntategetswe gusali idjumat, asali Adhuhuri, usibye Imamu hamwe n’abatasayi Ilayidi, biranemewe kuba wasali Ilayidi n’ijumat.

AMASENGESHO Y’UMUGEREKA:

Kubera Impuhwe z’Imana ku bagaragu bayo, yabashyiriyeho kuri buri sengesho ry’itegeko amasengesho y’imigereka kugira ngo bibongerere ukwemera mu kuzubahiriza kandi akazanaziba icyuho cyabonetse mu amasengesho y’itegeko ku munsi w’imperuka.

Mu amasengesho harimo ay’itegeko n’iy’imigereka nk’uko no mu gisibo hari iby’itegeko n’iby’imigereka ndetse no muri Hija niko bimeze no mu gutanga.

Umugaragu w’Imana akomeza kurangwa no kwiyegereza Imana yifashishije imigereka kugeza ubwo akunzwe n’Imana.

AMWE MU AMASENGESHO Y’IMIGEREKA:

• Amasengesho y’imigereka akorerwa mu imbaga nka TARAWEH, ISTISQAA (Isengesho ryo gusaba imvura), AL’ KUSUF (Isengesho  ry’igihe habayeho ubwira kabiri) n’isengesho ry’Ilayidi zombi.
• Amasengesho y’imigereka adakorerwa mu mbaga nka ISTIKHARAT (Isengesho ryo gusaba Imana kuguhitiramo hagati y’ibyiza bibiri)
• Amasengesho y’imigereka agendana n’iy’itegeko nk’imigereka ihoraho ya mbere na nyuma y’amasengesho y’itegeko.
• Amasengesho y’imigereka atagendana n’ay’itegeko nk’isengesho rya DWUHA (Isengesho ry’igihe cy’agasusuruko).
• Amasengesho y’imigereka aza igihe runaka nka TAHADJUD.
• Amasengesho y’imigereka atagira igihe runaka akorerwaho, nk’imigereka mu buryo bwa rusange.
• Amasengesho y’imigereka ashingiye ku igikorwa runaka nk’iraka ebyiri z’igihe winjiye mu musigiti n’iza nyuma yo gutawaza.
• Amasengesho y’imigereka yegereye kuba itegeko (MUAKADAT) nk’ay’Ilayidi zombi, gusaba imvura, ay’ubwira kabiri na Witiri.

Ibi byose ni impuhwe z’Imana ku bagaragu bayo, kuba yabashyiriyeho ibyabafasha kuyiyegereza kugira ngo babashe kuzamurwa mu nzego z’ibyiza no kubabarirwa ibyaha no kubatuburira ibyiza.

AMASENGESHO Y’IMIGEREKA AHORAHO (ARAWATIB):

Iyi migereka ni amasengesho ya mbere na nyuma y’ay’itegeko, akaba arimo ibice bibiri bikurikira:

1.Amasengesho y’imigereka ikomeye yegera kuba itegeko (AL MUAKADAH): Ayo ni iraka cumi n’ebyiri (12) zikorwa mu buryo bukurikira:   – RAKA enye (4) mbere y’isengesho  rya ADHUHURI n’ebyiri nyuma yaryo. – IRAKA ebyiri (2) nyuma ya MAGH’RIBI.  – IRAKA ebyiri nyuma ya AL’ISHAI. –  IRAKA ebyiri mbere ya AL’FAJ’RI. Ibi bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana igira iti “Nta mugaragu w’Imana n’umwe, uzasali iraka cumi n’ebyiri ku munsi z’imigegereka zitari itegeko, uretse ko Imana izamwubakira ingoro mu ijuru“. Yakiriwe na Muslim. Biranemewe ko rimwe na rimwe wasali Iraka icumi ku munsi, ugasali ebyiri mbere ya ADHUHUR aho kuba enye.

Muri izi raka cumi n’ebyiri, izifite ibihembo byinshi kurusha izindi, ni iraka ebyiri za mbere ya ALFAJ’RI, kandi ibyiza ni ukuzoroshya no gusoma SURATU AL KAFIRUN nyuma ya AL FATIHAT ku iraka ya mbere, na SURATU AL IKH’LAS ku iraka ya kabiri nyuma ya ALFATIHAT.

2. Imigereka idakomeye, umuntu ashobora gusali atayihozaho: Nk’iraka ebyiri mbere ya ALAS’RI n’ebyiri mbere ya MGH’RIBI n’ebyiri mbere ya ALISHAI, ni na byiza kuzirikana gusali iraka enye mbere ya ALAS’RI.

– Imigereka isanzwe yo ku manywa na nijoro, ikorwa mu iraka ebyiri ebyiri, kandi iy’ijoro mu gicuku niyo myiza ifite uburemere.

– Ucitswe n’imwe muri aya masengesho y’imigereka yegera kuba itegeko ahoraho kubera impamvu, ni byiza kuri we kuzishyura mu kindi gihe.

– Ni byiza gutandukanya hagati y’isengesho ry’itegeko n’iry’umugereka uribanziriza cyangwa uwa nyuma yayo wimuka aho wasaliye cyangwa ukagira uwo muvugana.

Iyi migereka ikorerwa mu misigiti cyangwa mu ngo, ariko mu ngo nibyo byiza kurushaho. Biremewe gusali isengesho ry’umugereka wicaye n’ubwo waba ushoboye guhagarara, ariko uyisaye uhagaze nibyo byiza kurushaho kuko iyo uyisaye wicaye ubona kimwe cya kabiri (1/2) cy’ibihembo by’uwayisaye ahagaze, naho iswala y’itegeko guhagarara ni imwe mu nkingi ziyigize keretse k’uwo bidashobokera bitewe n’impamvu nk’uburwayi.

– TAHIYATUL MAS’JID (Indamutso y’umusigiti): Ni isengesho rigira RAKA ebyiri (2) usali ukigera mu musigiti.

– TARAWEH: Bivuga kuruhuka, yiswe ityo kuko abantu baruhukaga hagati ya buri raka enye, Bikaba ari igihagararo cyo mu kwezi kwa RAMADHAN nyuma y’isengesho  rya AL’ISHAI.

Isengesho rya Tarawehe: Ni umugereka uremereye wegera kuba itegeko, washimagiwe n’imigenzo y’Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha), kandi ikaba umwe mu migereka ikorwa mu mbaga mu kwezi kwa Ramadhani.

IBYIZA BYA TARAWEHE: 

Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yashishikarije abantu kuyikora inagaragaza ibyiza byayo, igira iti  “Uzakora igihagararo cyo muri RAMADHANI afite ukwemera guhamye kandi ashaka ibihembo ku Mana, azababarirwa ibyaha bye byahise“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim.

Na none Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze iti “Mu kuri uzasali igihagararo cyo muri RAMADHANI hamwe na Imamu kugeza igihe arangirije, yandikirwa nk’uwakoze igihagararo cy’ijoro ryose“. Yakiriwe na Abu Dawud na Tir’midhiy.

UKO TARAWEHE IKORWA: 

Ni byiza ko Imamu asalisha abayislamu iraka cumi n’imwe muri Tarawehe cyangwa cumi n’eshatu, agatora salamu kuri buri raka ebyiri, ibyo bikaba ari byo byiza, nk’uko tubisanga mu mvugo ya Aishat (Imana imwishimire) ubwo yabazwaga ku isengesho ry’Intumwa y’Imana mu kwezi kwa RAMADHANI arasubiza ati “Intumwa y’Imana ntiyigeze irenza iraka cumi n’imwe haba muri RAMADHANI no mu bindi bihe, yajyaga asali iraka enye, ntubaze ubwiza n’uburebure bwazo, akongera agasali izindi enye ntubaze ubwiza n’uburebure bwazo, nyuma agasali iraka eshatu“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy.

No mu yindi mvugo ya ABDILLAHI mwene ABAS (Imana ibishimire bombi) yaravuze ati “Intumwa y’Imana yajyaga isali iraka cumi n’eshatu mu ijoro“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim

Ni byiza ko Imamu asalisha abayislamu iraka cumi n’imwe cyangwa cumi n’eshatu, ariko mu mpera za RAMADHANI zikagira umwihariko wo kuba ndende mu gihagararo, kunama no kubama.

Biremewe ko Imamu yarenza iraka zavuzwe haruguru, kandi ni byiza ko abamukurikiye bagumana nawe kugeza arangije n’ubwo yazirenza, kugira ngo bandikirwe ibihembo by’igihagararo cy’ijoro ryose.

Uyobora abandi muri Tarawehe ni ubarusha gusoma no gufata mu mutwe Qor’an, iyo ibyo bidashoboka biremewe ko imamu yifashisha gusoma areba muri MAS’HAFU, kandi biba byiza asomye Qor’an yose muri tarawehe z’ukwezi kwa RAMADHAN, bitashoboka agasoma ibimushobokeye.

Usali Tarawehe hamwe na Imamu, kandi yagambiriye gusali mu gicuku (Tahajud), Witri arayireka akaza kuyisali nyuma ya Tahadjud, ariko iyo Witri ayikoranye na Imamu muri Tarawehe, iyo abyutse kuri TAHAJUD, asali iraka ashoboye ariko Witri akayireka, kuko nta Witri ebyiri mu ijoro rimwe.

Iyo umugore ashatse kujya gusali ku musigiti ku isengesho ry’itegeko cyangwa iry’umugereka, agomba kujyayo yikwije kandi atisize amavuta ahumura.

TAHADJUD (Igihagararo cya nijoro):

TAHAJUDI: Bisobanura gukesha, ikaba ari isengesho ry’igihagararo cya ninjoro.

Icyitonderwa:

•  Nta Sengesho ry’umugereka ryemewe nyuma y’isengesho ryo mu museke.
•  TAHAJUDI ni isengesho ry’umugereka ry’igihagararo cya nijoro.
•  Iri Sengesho bakunze kuryita QIYAMU LAYILI.
•  TAHAJUD bisobanura gukesha ijoro usenga, usaba unasingiza Imana.
•  QIYAMU LAILI bisobanura igihagararo kirekire cy’ijoro urimo usali, usaba unasingiza Imana.
•  Ayo magambo yombi asobanura kimwe.
•  Gusali TAHAJUD ni umugereka wegereye kuba itegeko (MUAKADAT), kandi kikaba ikimeneyetso cy’abatinya Imana, nk’uko Qor’an ibishimangira igira iti “Ntibajyaga baryama mu ijoro uretse igihe gito, no mu gicuku bagatakambira Imana banayicuzaho“. Qor’ani 51:17-18.

IBYIZA BYA TAHAJUD:

•  Ubwitange n’umwete mu kugaragira Imana.
•  Ubusabe bw’uyikora bwakirwa vuba.
•  Abamalaika b’Imana baba hafi y’uyisali bakamuhundagazaho imigisha n’impuhwe by’Imana.
•  Kuba ifite ibyiza byinshi nyuma y’Iswala y’itegeko.
•  Kuba iri Sengesho ariryo mugereka ufite ibyiza byinshi kurusha imigereka ikorwa ku manywa, kubera kwigomwa k’urikora, ibitotsi bye, n’ibindi..

Intumwa y’Imana iragira iti “Mu by’ukuri igihe cyiza Imana iba iri hafi n’umugaragu wayo ni igihe cya nyuma cy’ijoro, nushobora kuba waba mu bibuka imana muri ibyo bihe, uzabe hamwe na bo, kuko iyo swala y’ijoro yitabirwa n’abamalayika b’imana bazana imigisha n’impuhwe z’imana ku bayisali kugeza izuba rirashe“. Yakiriwe na Tirmidhiy na Anasaiy.

Usali Tahajudi asabwe kurangwa n’ibi bikurikira: 1- Kuryama afite isuku yo GUTAWADHA (WUDHU). 2- Kuryama kare ufite umugambi wo kubyuka ugasali (NIYA). 3– Kubyuka asingiza Imana anoza umugambi we. 4-  Kugira ibakwe n’umurava igihe atunganya isuku ye. Ibi bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana yaturutse kuri AISHA (Imana imwishimire) aragira ati “Intumwa y’Imana yakundaga gusali iswala y’igihagararo cya nijoro kugeza ubwo yabyimbaga ibirenge”, nuko AISHA akamubaza ati: “Ntumwa y’Imana, ni kuki winaniza kandi Imana yarakubabariye ibyaha wari gukora mu gihe cyahise no mu gihe kizaza?” Intumwa iramusubiza iti “Ese ntiwifuza ko naba umugaragu ushimira imana?“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim.

IRAKA Z’ISENGESHO RYA TAHAJUDI:

Iryo Sengesho rifite RAKA cumi n’imwe (11) cyangwa cumu n’eshatu (13). Ni ukuvuga IRAKA umunani (8) wongeyeho IRAKA eshatu z’igiharwe (Witri), biranemewe ko zagera ku RAKA cumi n’eshatu (13) cyangwa agasali izo ashoboye.

IBIHE IRYO SENGESHO RIKORWAMO:

Isengesho ryiza rya TAHAJUDI ni irikozwe mu ijoro hagati kuri ibi bipimo bikurikira:

•  1/3 cy’ijoro: Ribanza (nyuma y’isengesho rya Al Ishau).
•  1/2 cy’ijoro: Mu ijoro hagati.
•  1/3 cy’ijoro rihera: Igice cya nyuma cy’ijoro mbere y’uko bujya gucya, kandi iki nicyo gihe cyiza kurusha ibindi.

ISENGESHO  RYA WITRI:

Ni isengesho ry’igiharwe risoza rikanasoza amasengesho atanu y’umunsi, rikaba ari isengesho ry’umugereka umuyislamu agomba kuzirikana akanarihozaho, akaba adakwiriye kurireka na rimwe.

AGACIRO K’ISENGESHO RYA WITRI MURI ISLAM:

Iryo Sengesho rya WITRI ni umugereka ukomeye ku muyislamu adakwiriye kwirengagiza cyangwa kureka uko byagenda kose, rikaba ari i RAKA imwe, cyangwa eshatu ndetse n’eshanu z’umugereka umuyislamu asabwa gusali nyuma y’isengesho rya AL ISHAU. Rikaba ryitwa WITRI kubera ko ari RAKA z’igiharwe zisoza amasengesho yose y’umunsi y’itegeko (FARADWA) n’imigereka (SUNAT).

IBYO USARI WITRI ASABWA GUKORA MBERE YO KURISENGA:

Ni byiza mbere yo gusali WITRI gusali RAKA ebyiri cyangwa zirenga kuburyo zishobora kugera ku RAKA icumi (10) nyuma agasali izo RAKA za WITRI.

UWIBAGIWE GUSARI WITRI:

Iyo umuyislamu aryamye atasaye WITRI nyuma agakanguka isengesho  rya AL’FAJRI ryinjiye, mbere yo gusali AL’FAJRI ningombwa ko yishyura (WITRI). Intumwa y’Imana iragira iti “Umwe muri mwe nakanguka mugitondo atasaye WITRI ajye ayisali”. Yakiriwe na Bayihaqiy.

Na none Intumwa y’Imana (amahoro n’imigisha bibe kuriyo) iragira iti  “Uzaryama agasinzira atigeze asali WITIRI cyangwa yayibagiwe, igihe abyibukiye ajye ahita ayisali”. Yakiriwe na Abu Daudi.

IBIHE BY’ISENGESHO RYA WITRI: 

Isengesho rya Witri ni isengesho ry’umugereka, igihe cyayo gitangira nyuma y’isengesho rya Al Ishau kugeza mbere yo mu museke, igihe isengesho rya AL’FAJRI riba ririmo kwinjira.

Nibyiza gusenga WITRI mu ijoro rihera, ariko k’ufite impungenge ko ashobora gusinzira WITRI ikamucika, ibyiza kuri we ni uko yayisali mugice cy’ijoro ribanza. Na none nibyiza igihe usenga WITRI ko asoma mu i RAKA ebyiri (2) za mbere asoma SURAT A’ALA mu ya mbere na SURAT AL KAFIRUNA nyuma ya SURAT AL FATIHAT. Naho mu i RAKA ya nyuma ya WITRI, nibyiza ko usenga yasoma SURAT AL IKH’LAS na SURAT AL FALAQ na SURAT ANAS, ibyo byose byashimangiwe binakorwa n’Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) inabishishikariza abandi kubikora.

AMASENGESHO YO KU MINSI MIKURU Y’ILAYIDI ZOMBI:

Muri Islamu, iminsi mikuru yemewe ni itatu (3) abayislamu basabwa kwizihiza barushaho gusali biyegereza Imana bayikuza banayisingiza. Iyo minsi mikuru ni:

1. Idil Fitiri: Umunsi mukuru usoza igisibo cya RAMADHANI ukaba ari umunsi mukuru ngarukamwaka uba ku italiki ya 1 y’ukwezi kwa10 ariko kwitwa (Shawal).

2. Idil Adwuha: Ni umunsi mukuru w’ibitambo uba ku munsi wa 10 w’ukwezi kwa cumi na kabiri (Dhul Hija) buri mwaka.

3. Ijuma: Umunsi mukuru ngaruka cyumweru, akaba ari umunsi mukuru wa buri kuwa gatanu wa buri cyumweru.

Iyo minsi mikuru yose irangwa no gusali no kugaragaza ibyishimo by’abayislamu mu gutumirana, gusangira bakambara neza.

IGIHE CYA IDIL FITIRI NA IDIL ADWUHA:

Ayo masengesho  atangira kuva izuba rijya kurasa kugeza imirasire n’urumuri byaryo bimaze kugaragara mbere y’uko agasusuruko gatangira.

Naho kubireba umunsi mukuru w’ibitambo, ujyana no gutanga igitambo ku matungo magufi n’amaremare (ingamiya, inka, ihene n’intama) kandi adafite n’inenge.

Gutanga ibitambo bitangira mu gitondo nyuma yo gusali isengesho ry’Ilayidi kugeza ku munsi wa gatatu (3) nyuma y’uwo munsi mukuru.

UKO AYO MASENGESHO AKORWA:

Ni amasengesho akorerwa mu mbaga inyuma ya Imamu igira RAKA ebyiri (2) zitagira ADHANA na IQAMA, RAKA ya mbere ifite TAKIBIRA zirindwi (7) harimo na Takbirat itangira isengesho, naho IRAKA ya kabiri ikagira TAKIBIRA eshanu (5) hatarimo iyo guhaguruka uvuye Sijida y’iraka ya mbere, akaba ari byiza ko Imamu asoma mu ijwi riranguruye, kuri RAKA ya mbere asoma SURAT AL FATIHAT na SURAT AL A’ALA cyangwa intangiriro za SURAT QAFU naho ku RAKA ya kabiri asoma SURAT AL FATIHAT na SURAT AL GHASHIYAT cyangwa SURAT QAMAR.

Nyuma yo gusali ku munsi wa IDIL FITIRI (Umunsi mukuru wo gusiburuka igisibo cy’ukwezi kwa RAMADHANI) no ku munsi wa IDIL ADWUHA (Umunsi mukuru w’ibitambo), umuyobozi w’Isengesho (Imamu), arahindukira akerekera abaje gusali akabaha inyigisho (KHUT’BAT) zikubiyemo ibyiza byo kuri iyo minsi zikajyana no gukuza Imana no kuyisingiza.

Iyo minsi, iyo umwe muri yo uhuye n’umunsi wa gatanu (Ijuma), uwayisaye ntategekwa gusenga Ijuma, ariko anayisaye biremewe, naho utayisaye Ilayidi ni itegeko kuri we gusali Ijuma.

Icyitonderwa:

– Gusali isengesho ry’Ilayidi ku ijuma, birahagije ko utitabira Ijuma ariko ntibisimbura isengensho rya ADHUHURI, ahubwo utegekwa kuyisali nk’ibisanzwe, naho Imamu wa Ijuma we agomba kujya ku Ijuma n’ubwo yaba yasaye Ilayidi kugira ngo ayobore Ijuma.

– Ayo masengesho yombi ahuza abagore n’abagabo; N’iyo abagore bari mu mihango yabo y’ukwezi, nabo bemerewe kujya aho ayo masengesho akorerwa bagakurikirana inyigisho n’ubusabe bw’abayislamu (IDUWA) ariko bitaruye aho abandi basalila, kandi ni byiza ku abaje gusali Ilayidi kwicara bagatuza bagatega amatwi inyigisho kugeza Imamu asoje.

– TAKIBIRA zo kuri uwo munsi ni byiza kuzivuga mu ijwi riranguruye haba mu ihuriro, mu mago, mu masoko no mu misigiti, ariko abagore bo ntibyemewe kurangurura amajwi yabo.

– TAKIBIRA zo ku munsi wa IDIL FITIRI zitangira mu ijoro ry’Ilayidi zikarangirana n’isengesho ry’Ilayidi.

– Naho TAKIBIRA zo ku munsi wa IDIL ADWUHA zitangira kuva ukwezi kwa DHUL HAJI gutangiye zikageza ku munsi wa cumi na gatatu (13) w’uko kwezi izuba rirenze.

UBURYO KAKBIRA ZITORWAMO:

TAKIBIRA zivugwa mu buryo bubiri bukurikira:

1. Uburyo butari igiharwe:  ALLAHU AKBARU, ALLAHU AKBARU,  LA ILAHA ILA LLAHU ALLAHU AK’BARU,  ALLAHU AKBARU WA LILAHIL HAMDU.

2. Uburyo bw’igiharwe: ALLAHU AKBARU, ALLAHU AKBARU, ALLAHU AKBARU,  LA ILAHA ILA LLAHU ALLAHU AK’BARU,  ALLAHU AKBARU WA LILAHIL HAMDU.

UKO UMUNTU YITEGURA KUJYA GUSENGA ILAYIDI:

Ni byiza ko ugiye gusenga Ilayidi yisukura akanambara imyiza mu myambaro ye kugira ngo agaragaze ibyishimo n’umunezero kuri uwo munsi. Abagore bo ntibemerewe kugaragaza imitako yabo kandi ntibanisiga amavuta ahumura, bemerewe kujya gusali hamwe n’abandi. Naho abagore bari mu mihango bemerewe kujya kumva inyigisho z’Ilayidi ariko bakitarura aho isengesho rikorerwa.

Ni byiza ko abajya gusali bazinduka nyuma gato y’isengesho rya AL’FAJIR bakagenda n’amaguru iyo bishoboka, naho Imam atindaho gato kugeza igihe cy’isengesho cyegereje, kandi ni byiza igihe uvuye gusali guhindura inzira wanyuzemo ujyayo, mu rwego rwo kugaragaza ibyishimo by’uwo munsi no gukurikiza umugenzo mwiza w’Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amhoro n’imigisha).

Ni byiza k’umuyisilam kugira icyo arya cyangwa anywa mbere yo kujya gusali Ilayidi yo gusiburuka, naho ku munsi mukuru w’Ilayidi y’ibitambo akirinda kugira icyo afata mbere yuko ava gusenga.

AHO ISENGESHO RY’ILAYIDI RIKORERWA:

Isengesho ry’Ilayidi zombi rikorerwa mu mbuga ngari hafi yaho abantu batuye, ntabwo isengesho ry’Ilayidi rikorerwa mu musigiti keretse habaye impamvu nk’imvura n’ibindi.

IMINSI MIKURU ITEMEWE MURI ISLAM: 

Iyo minsi mikuru ni iyi: 1. Kwizihiza ivuka ry’umuntu ku giti cye (Anniversaire). 2.  Kwizihiza umunsi mukuru wo ku Italiki ya mbere ngaruka mwaka bahereye ku ivuka rya Yesu (Ubunani) no ku taliki ya mbere batangiye kubara ku iyimuka kw’Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (HIJIRIYAT). 3. Kwizihiza umunsi mukuru w’ivuka w’Intumwa y’Imana Issa. 4. Kwizihiza umunsi mukuru w’ivuka ry’Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) bakunze kwita MAWULIDI. 5. Kwizihiza umunsi wa IS’RAU (Umunsi Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi yakozeho urugendo ava i MAKKA ajya ku musigiti wa AQ’SA (Iyeruzaremu). 6. Kwizihiza umunsi mukuru w’ijoro ryo hagati ry’ukwezi kwa SHABAN. 7.  Kwizihiza indi minsi mikuru yose itazwi itanemewe muri Islamu.

Abamenyi muri Islamu bavuga ko iyo minsi ari imihimbano (BIDAT) akaba ari ntaho wayisanga mu idini kuko nta nkomoko yayo ku ntumwa n’abasangirangendo bayo nabaje nyuma yabo (TAABI’INA) bityo, iyo minsi muri Islamu ntibyemewe kuyizihiza.

AMASENGESHO Y’UBWIRAKABIRI BWOMBI (AL KUSUFU WAL KHUSUFU):

– Isengesho rya Al’Kusufu: Ni ubwirakabiri bw’izuba n’ukwezi bubaho ku amanywa; Igihe ukwezi kuba gukingirije imirasire y’izuba ntigere ku isi.

– Isengesho rya Al Khusufu: Ni ubwirakabiri bw’ukwezi bubaho ninjoro; igihe igicucu cy’isi kiba gikingirije imirasire y’izuba igera ku kwezi.

Iyo habaye ubwo bwirakabiri bwa nijoro cyangwa bwa kumanywa, abayislamu bihutira gusali ayo masengesho yitwa SWALATUL KUSUFU (Isengesho yitiriwe ubwirakabiri bwa amanywa) na SWALATUL KHUSUFU (Isengesho ryitiriwe ubwirakabiri bwa ninjoro).

ITEGEKO RIREBENE N’ISENGESHO RYA KUSUFU NA KHUSUFU:

Gusali iryo isengesho ni umugereka wegereye kuba itegeko (SUNAT MUAKADAT) ikaba ikorwa n’abagabo n’abagore. Nk’uko bishimangirwa n’imvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) igira iti “M’ukuri izuba n’ukwezi ni ibimenyetso bibiri mu bimenyetso by’Imana. Ntibishoboka ko habaho ubwirakabiri ngo kimwe muri byombi gikingirize ikindi kubera urupfu rw’umuntu runaka cyangwa se havutse umuntu runaka. Ibyo nimubibona mujye musali”. Yakiriwe na Bukhar

Iryo Sengesho rikorwa nk’iryo ku munsi wa IDIL FITIRI na IDIL ADWUHA. rigatangira kuva ubwirakabiri bugitangira kuboneka.

Iyo bimaze kugaragara ko kimwe muri byo kibaye, nibyiza ko abayislamu basingiza Imana, bakayikuza bakanicuza basaba imbabazi, bongera ubusabe barushaho gutanga amaturo (SADAQA) nk’uko bivugwa mu mvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana igira iti “M’ukuri izuba n’ukwezi ni ibimenyetso bibiri mu bimenyetso by’Imana. Ntibishoboka ko habaho ubwirakabiri ngo kimwe muri byombi gikingirize ikindi kubera urupfu rw’umuntu runaka cyangwa se havutse umuntu runaka. Nimubona bibaye muzihutire kwambaza imana muyisaba munayikuza kandi mujye mutanga amaturo (Sadaqa) munasali“. Yakiriwe na Bukhar

UKO ISENGESHO RYA KUSUFU NA KHUSUFU RIKORWA:

Aya masengesho yombi ntagira Adhana na Iqamat, ariko ahamagarirwa ku munywa cyangwa nijoro hakoreshejwe umuhamagaro ugira uti: ASWALATU JAMIATU, inshuro imwe cyangwa nyinshi.

Ayo masengesho, rimwe muri yo riba kumanywa (KUSUFU), irindi rikaba nijoro (KHUSUFU). Abayislamu bateranira mu musigiti umwe nta ADHANA cyangwa IQAMA, uretse ko bashobora guhamagara abantu bagaterana. Isengesho riyoborwa na Imamu bagasali IRAKA ebyiri muri buri RAKA, haba RUKU ebyiri ebyiri (Kunama kabiri mbere yo kubama).

UBURYO AYO MASENGESHO AKORWA:

– Imamu atangiza isengesho, agasoma SURATUL FATIHAT n’indi sura arangurura ijwi, maze akunama birambuye (birebire), akunamuka avuga SAMIALLAHU LIMAN HAMIDAHU, RABANA LAKAL HAMDU, ariko ntiyubame. Na none agasoma SURATU ALFATIHAT n’indi Surat ngufi.

– Maze akunama bwa kabiri nta tinde, maze akunamuka bisanzwe, akubama (Sijidat) kabiri zitandukanywa n’icyicaro kigufi nk’ibisanzwe, ariko kuya mbere agatindayo biruta iya kabiri.

– Nyuma agahaguruka agakora iraka ya kabiri nk’uko yabikoze kuya mbere ariko ikaba yoroheje, nyuma akicara ATTAHIYATU maze agasoza na Salamu nk’ibisanzwe.

– Ni byiza ko nyuma yo gusali, Imamu atanga inyigisho, abwira abayislamu kuri icyo gikorwa cyabayeho, anabashishikariza gusaba no kwicuza ku Mana.

– Kugira ngo ube wasanze iraka muri iri Sengesho ni uko wasanga Imamu ari muri rukuu ya mbere kuri buri raka, kandi iyo hari ibyagucitse ntabwo ubyishyura iyo ubwirakabiri burangiye.

– Iyo ubwirakabiri burangiye bakiri gusali, buzuza isengesho ariko badatinzemo.

– Iyo barangije isengesho ubwirakabiri butararangira, bakomeza gusaba Imana, bayikuza, batanga amaturo, kugeza ibyo bihe birangiriye.

– Ubwirakabiri ni kimwe mu bintu bitera umuntu imbaraga zo gharira Imana amasengesho no kwihutira kuyumvira no kujya kure y’ibyaha n’amakosa, bikanatuma abantu barushaho gutinya Imana no kuyigarukira. Imana iravuga iti “Nta yindi mpamvu ituma twohereza ibimenyetso uretse kugirango abantu batinye“. QOR’AN 17:59

Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) mu kugaragaza ko ubwirakabiri ari ibimenyetso byo gukebura abantu, iragira iti “M’ukuri izuba n’ukwezi ni ibimenyetso bibiri mu bimenyetso by’Imana itinyisha abagaragu bayo, kandi ntabwo bifatana kubera urupfu rw’umwe mu bantu, nimubibona mujye musali munasabe Imana kugeza igihe bitandukaniye“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim

ISENGESHO RYO KU AGASUSURUKO (DWUHA):

Isengesho rya DWUHA: Ni isengesho ry’umugereka rikaba ritagira umubare w’amaraka wagenwe ariko iraka nkeya zishoboka ni ebyiri (2).

IGIHE CY’ISENGESHO RYA DWUHA:

Nyuma y’uko izuba rirasa umucyo w’izuba n’imirasire itangiye gukwira kugeza mbere y’igihe cy’isengesho rya ADHUHURI, ariko igihe cyaryo cyiza ni igihe izuba ritangira gukara.

IBYIZA BY’IRYO SENGESHO:

Mu mvugo yaturutse kuri ABI HURAYIRAT (Imana imwishimire), yaragize ati “Inshuti yanjye, Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yampaye umurage w’ibintu bitatu: Gusiba iminsi itatu ya buri kwezi, Gusali iraka ebyiri z’iswala ya DWUHA, kandi ko ngomba kujya nsari isengesho rya WITRI mbere yo kuryama“. Yakiriwe na BUKHARI na MUSLIMU

ISENGESHO RYO GUSABA IMANA KUGUHITIRAMO (ISTIKHARAT):

Istikharat: Ni isengesho umuntu akora asaba Imana kumuhitiramo icyiza mu bintu bibiri cyangwa byinshi yagizemo igihirahiro mu guhitamo icyo yakora mubyo ategetswe igihe bihuriranye mu gihe kimwe cyangwa se ku bindi bintu byemewe gukora ariko ntumenye icyagira akamaro kurusha ikindi.

Iri sengesho ni umugereka ikaba igizwe n’iraka ebyiri n’iduwa yo gusaba Imana ngo iguhitiremo icyiza, iyo duwa uyisaba ukiri mu isengesho mbere ya ASALAM cyangwa se nyuma ya ASALAM urangije isengesho, ariko mbere ya ASALAMU nibyo byiza. Kandi biremewe ko ukora iri sengesho ryo gusaba amahitamo ko yayikora rimwe cyangwa kenshi mu bihe bitandukanye, ikabanzirizwa n’ibikorwa byiza bitarimo ibijyanye n’irari ry’imitima y’abantu.

Isengesho ryo gusaba Imana ko iguhitiramo ni isengesho ryo gusaba kugirwa inama mubyo ugiye gukora ikorwa igihe ibyo usaba atari ibizira (ibibujijwe) cyangwa ibidashimishije, bikorwa ku bintu byiza igihe usaba Imana ko yaguhitiramo, ariko rero no kuba wagisha inama ibiremwa nabyo biremewe nk’uko Imana ibivuga aho igira iti “Uzabagishe inama, ariko rero nuramuka ufashe umwanzuro uziringire Imana“. Qor’ani 3: 159.

UBURYO ISENGESHO RYA ISTIKHARAT RIKORWA:

Imvugo yaturutse kuri JABIR (Imana imwishimire) yaravuze ati: Intumwa y’Imana Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yajyaga itwigisha uburyo bwo gukora isengesho ryo gusaba amahitamo muri byose nk’uko yatwigishaga i SURAT mu ma SURAT ya Qor’ani, agira ati  “Igihe umwe muri mwe azabura amahitamo mu bintu, ajye asali iraka ebyiri zitari iraka iz’itegeko, narangiza asabe Imana agira ati: “Mana Nyagasani, ndagusaba kumpitiramo mu bumenyi bwawe kandi ndagusaba unshoboze mu bushobozi bwawe kandi ndagusaba mu byiza byawe, kubera ko wowe ushoboye byose jyewe ntacyo nshoboye, kandi ukaba uzi jye ntacyo nzi kubera ko wowe uzi ibyihishe. Mana nyagasani niba ubona ko iki kintu (ukakivuga mu izina) kimfitiye akamaro haba mu idini yanjye no kubuzima bwanjye n’iherezo ryanjye bikazambera byiza binshoboze, kandi niba uzi ko iki kintu (ukakivuga mu izina) ari kibi kuri jye haba ku idini yanjye, ku buzima bwanjye n’iherezo ryanjye, kindinde unanshyire kure yacyo, unshoboze ibyiza aho biri hose kandi unyishimire kubera byo“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy

KUBAMA BYO MU GISOMO CYA QOR’ANI:

Qor’ani igira ibice ugeraho usoma bikagusaba kubama (SIJ’DAT).

AGACIRO BIFITE MU IDINI:

Kubama byo mu gisomo ni umugereka byaba mu isengesho cyangwa hanze y’isengesho igihe cyose ugeze kuri ayat ya Qor’an ibigusaba, ni byiza ko kubama k’usoma ndetse no ku bamwumva.

IMIRONGO (AYAT) IBONEKAMO KUBAMA MU IGISOMO CYA QOR’AN:

Muri Qor’ani harimo kubama by’igisomo inshuro cumi n’eshanu (15) ziboneka mu Isurat zikurikira:

1. SURATU AL AL’AARAF.
2. ARAAD.
3. ANAHLI.
4. AL ISRAAI.
5. MARIYAM.
6. ALHAJ (harimo kubama kabiri).
7. AL FURQAN.
8. ANAMLU.
9. ASAJ’DAT.
10. SWAAD.
11. FUSWILAT.
12. ANAJ’MU.
13. AL IN’SHIQAQ.
14. AL ALAQ.

Ikiranga aho bubama basoma Qor’ani, ni ighe ugeze ku mirongo ivuga ku bintu bibiri, aribyo:

– Inkuru Imana yabwiye abagaragu bayo ibereka ibindi biremwa biyubamira, bityo nabo bakabikora yaba usoma cyangwa umwumva kubera kwigana ibyo biremwa.

– Itegeko ry’Imana itegeka abagaragu bayo kuyubamira, bigakorwa vuba na bwangu mu kubahiriza iryo tegeko.

– Kubama byo mu gisomo bikorwa inshuro imwe gusa (SIDJIDAT IMWE) igihe ari gusali yubama avuze ALLAHU AK’BARU, naho igihe atari mu isengesho nta TAKBIRA akora nta n’ubwo yicara ATAHIYATU cyangwa se ngo atange ASALAMU.

IBYIZA BYO KUBAMA GISOMO:

Ibyiza by’uko kubama bigaragarira mu mvugo y’Intumwa y’Imana (Imana iyihe amahoro n’imigisha) aho yagize iti “Igihe mwene ADAM asomye AYAT yo kubama akubama, Shitani aritaza akarira avuga ati: “Mbega akaga ngize! Kuba mwene ADAMU ategekwa kubama akabikora akaba azahabwa ijuru, naho njye nategetswe kubama ndigomeka nkaba nzashyirwa mu muriro“. Yakiriwe na MUSLIMU

Igihe Imamu yubamye abamuri inyuma bose bagomba kubama bakurikiye Imamu ubayoboye mu isengesho, kandi ntacyo bitwaye kuba Imamu yasoma isura cyangwa Ayat irimo kubama mu isengesho asomamo bucece, Icyo gihe arubama n’abo ayoboye bakamukurikira.

IBIVUGWA MU KUBAMA BY’IGISOMO:

Mu kubama byo mu gisomo, havugwa amagambo asanzwe akoreshwa muri Sij’dat y’isengesho cyangwa hagasomwa iduwa yabigenewe.

Ni byiza ko uwubamye kuri AYAT yo kubama aba afite isuku yo gutawaza, ariko n’iyo yaba atayifite atari mu isengesho, yakubama, kabone n’iyo yaba ari umugore uri mu mihango y’ukwezi cyangwa se mu gisanza, yubama igihe asomye AYAT yo kubama cyangwa se igihe basomye iyo AYAT akayumva bayisoma.

KUBAMA BYO GUSHIMIRA:

Ni byiza kubama igihe umuntu abonye inema nshya, nk’igihe yumvise ko Imana yayoboye uwo akunda mu idini yayo, cyangwa se igihe abemeramana babonye insinzi bakomoye kwa Nyagasani, cyangwa se ubwiwe inkuru yo kubona umwana mushya, igihe arokotse amakuba, n’ibindi.

Kubama bikorwa inshuro imwe utavuze TAK’BIRAT cyangwa ASALAMU, naho igihe ikorwa n’aho ikorerwa, ni hanze y’isengesho igihe icyo aricyo cyose habonetse impamvu yabyo mu zavuzwe, kandi akubama bijyanye n’Ubushobozi yaba ahagaze cyangwa yicaye, yaba afite isuku cyangwa atayifite, ariko ibyiza ni uko yaba afite isuku. Biturutse kwa ABI BAK’RAT Imana imwishimire, yavuze ko “Intumwa y’Imana (Imana iyihe amahoro n’imigisha) igihe cyose yabonaga ikintu kimushimishije cyangwa yishimiye yarubamaga, agashimira Imana“. Yakiriwe na ABU DAUDA na IBUN MAJAH.

IBIHE BITEMEWE KUBIKORAMO ISENGESHO:

•  Ntibyemewe gusali nyuma y’isengesho rya Al Asri kugeza igihe izuba rirenze.
•  Ntibyemewe kandi gusali nyuma ya Al Fajri kugeza izuba rirashe.
•  Kuva izuba rirashe kugeza igihe rizamutse ho gato nk’igihe cy’iminota cumi n’itanu.
•  Kuva izuba rigeze ku murongo wo hagati kugeza riwurenze ho gato.
•  Kuva igihe izuba ritangiye kurenga kugeza rirenze burundu.

Icyitonderwa:

Biremewe muri ibi bihe kwishyuramo amasengesho aba yagucitse y’itegeko, nkuko bishimangirwa n’imvugo yaturutse kuri ANAS (Imana imwishimire) yavuze ko Intumwa y’Imana (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yagize iti “Uzaryama agacikwa n’iswala cyangwa akayibagirwa azayishyure igihe azayibukira, nta kindi cyiru cyabyo uretse ibyo“. Yakiriwe na Bukhariy na Muslim.

Biremewe gusali isengesho rifite impamvu muri ibyo bihe nk’isengesho rikorerwa uwitabye Imana, indamutso y’umusigiti n’ayandi.

Biremewe kwishyura rakaa ebyiri z’umugereka za mbere y’isengesho rya AL FAJIRI. ukazisali nyuma y’isengesho rya mu Gitondo ku muntu wari usanzwe azihozaho zikamucika ku mpamvu zitamuturutse ho.

Umusozo w’isomo ry’amasengesho.